Endoscopic systems, devices, and methods for performing in vivo procedures

ABSTRACT

Example embodiments relate to endoscopic systems. The system includes first and second main bodies. First main body includes first end section, which includes a first anchor assembly and first proximal portion. First anchor assembly includes first and second expandable members and first negative pressure opening. First and second expandable members are each configured to transition between a non-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration. First negative pressure opening is configured to apply negative pressure. First proximal portion is secured to the first anchor assembly. First proximal portion includes a bendable portion configured to selectively move the first anchor assembly in a plurality of directions. Second main body includes first and second end sections and main cavity. First end section of second main body includes a second anchor assembly, which includes third and fourth expandable members and second negative pressure opening. Second negative pressure opening is configured to apply a negative pressure.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser.No. 15/368,430 (filed on Dec. 2, 2016, which claims priority to U.S.Provisional Application No. 62/233,828, filed on Sep. 28, 2015), thecontents of all of which are hereby expressly incorporated by referencein their entirety, including the contents and teachings of anyreferences contained therein.

BACKGROUND

The present disclosure relates generally to endoscopic systems, devices,and methods, and more specifically, relates to systems and devices foruse in performing endoluminal procedures, including diagnostic andtherapeutic procedures, and methods of configuring and using suchsystems and devices.

Presently, colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancerand also the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Ifdiagnosed at a sufficiently early stage, however, the survival rate ofpatients suffering from colorectal cancer may reach upwards of ninetypercent.

Conventional optical colonoscopy is the most widely accepted and usedprocedure for colorectal screening. In general, conventional opticalcolonoscopy involves the insertion of a colonoscope through the colon ofa patient, and requires forceful manual pushing of the colonoscopeagainst the luminal wall at flexural or looping/bending sections of thecolon during insertion, which generally results in severe discomfort andpain to the patient. The retracting and/or removal of the colonoscopefrom the flexural and/or looping/bending sections of the colon of thepatient may also cause significant discomfort and/or pain to thepatient.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Despite recent developments in modern medical science and technology, itis recognized in the present disclosure that one or more problems areencountered in colonoscopy-related diagnostic and therapeutictechnologies and methodologies, including those described above and inthe present disclosure.

Present example embodiments relate generally to systems, devices, andmethods for addressing one or more problems in diagnostic andtherapeutic systems, devices, and methods, including those describedabove and herein.

In an exemplary embodiment, an endoscopic system is described. Theendoscopic system includes a first main body and a second main body. Thefirst main body includes a first end section and a second end section.The first end section of the first main body includes a first anchorassembly and a first proximal portion. The first anchor assemblyincludes a first expandable member, second expandable member, and firstnegative pressure opening. The first expandable member is configured totransition between a non-expanded configuration and an expandedconfiguration. The expanded configuration of the first expandable memberis a configuration in which the first expandable member is expandedradially outwards away from a central axis of the first expandablemember. The second expandable member is configured to transition betweena non-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration. The expandedconfiguration of the second expandable member is a configuration inwhich the second expandable member is expanded radially outwards awayfrom a central axis of the second expandable member. The secondexpandable member is a separate and independently controllableexpandable member from the first expandable member. The first negativepressure opening is formed between the first expandable member and thesecond expandable member. The first negative pressure opening isconfigured to apply a negative pressure. The first proximal portion isan elongated body secured to a proximal end of the first anchorassembly. The first proximal portion is configured to retract inwardlyinto and extend outwardly away from a main cavity of a second main body.The first proximal portion includes a bendable portion configured tobend in a plurality of directions. The first proximal portion isconfigured to selectively move the first anchor assembly in a pluralityof directions relative to the bendable portion of the first proximalportion by bending the bendable portion of the first proximal portion ina plurality of directions. The second main body includes a first endsection, a second end section, and the main cavity. The main cavity ofthe second main body is formed through the second main body from thefirst end section of the second main body to the second end section ofthe second main body. The first end section of the second main bodyincludes a second anchor assembly. The second anchor assembly includes athird expandable member, fourth expandable member, and second negativepressure opening. The third expandable member is configured totransition between a non-expanded configuration and an expandedconfiguration. The expanded configuration of the third expandable memberis a configuration in which the third expandable member is expandedradially outwards away from a central axis of the third expandablemember. The fourth expandable member is configured to transition betweena non-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration. The expandedconfiguration of the fourth expandable member is a configuration inwhich the fourth expandable member is expanded radially outwards awayfrom a central axis of the fourth expandable member. The second negativepressure opening is formed between the third expandable member and thefourth expandable member. The second negative pressure opening isconfigured to apply a negative pressure.

In another exemplary embodiment, an endoscopic system is described. Theendoscopic system includes a first main body and second main body. Thefirst main body includes a first end section and a second end section.The first end section of the first main body includes a first anchorassembly. The first anchor assembly includes a first expandable member,second expandable member, first negative pressure opening, and bendableportion. The first expandable member is configured to transition betweena non-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration. The expandedconfiguration of the first expandable member is a configuration in whichthe first expandable member is expanded radially outwards away from acentral axis of the first expandable member. The second expandablemember is configured to transition between a non-expanded configurationand an expanded configuration. The expanded configuration of the secondexpandable member is a configuration in which the second expandablemember is expanded radially outwards away from a central axis of thesecond expandable member. The second expandable member is a separate andindependently controllable expandable member from the first expandablemember. The first negative pressure opening is formed between the firstexpandable member and the second expandable member. The first negativepressure opening is configured to apply a negative pressure. Thebendable portion is configured to bend in a plurality of directions. Thefirst anchor assembly is configured to selectively move the secondexpandable member in a plurality of directions relative to the firstexpandable member by bending the bendable portion of the first anchorassembly in a plurality of directions. The second main body includes afirst end section, a second end section, and a main cavity. The maincavity of the second main body is formed through the second main bodyfrom the first end section of the second main body to the second endsection of the second main body. The first end section of the secondmain body includes a second anchor assembly. The second anchor assemblyincludes a third expandable member, fourth expandable member, and secondnegative pressure opening. The third expandable member is configured totransition between a non-expanded configuration and an expandedconfiguration. The expanded configuration of the third expandable memberis a configuration in which the third expandable member is expandedradially outwards away from a central axis of the third expandablemember. The fourth expandable member is configured to transition betweena non-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration. The expandedconfiguration of the fourth expandable member is a configuration inwhich the fourth expandable member is expanded radially outwards awayfrom a central axis of the fourth expandable member. The second negativepressure opening is formed between the third expandable member and thefourth expandable member, the second negative pressure openingconfigured to apply a negative pressure.

In another exemplary embodiment, an endoscopic system is described. Theendoscopic system includes a first main body. The first main bodyincludes a first end section and a second end section. The first endsection of the first main body includes a first anchor assembly andfirst proximal portion. The first anchor assembly includes a firstexpandable member, second expandable member, negative pressure opening,and first anchor assembly bendable portion. The first expandable memberis configured to transition between a non-expanded configuration and anexpanded configuration. The expanded configuration of the firstexpandable member is a configuration in which the first expandablemember is expanded radially outwards away from a central axis of thefirst expandable member. The second expandable member is configured totransition between a non-expanded configuration and an expandedconfiguration. The expanded configuration of the second expandablemember is a configuration in which the second expandable member isexpanded radially outwards away from a central axis of the secondexpandable member, the second expandable member being a separate andindependently controllable expandable member from the first expandablemember. The first negative pressure opening is formed between the firstexpandable member and the second expandable member. The first negativepressure opening is configured to apply a negative pressure. The firstanchor assembly bendable portion is configured to bend in a plurality ofdirections. The first anchor assembly is configured to selectively movethe second expandable member in a plurality of directions relative tothe first expandable member by bending the first anchor assemblybendable portion in a plurality of directions. The first proximalportion is an elongated body secured to a proximal end of the firstanchor assembly. The first proximal portion is configured to retractinwardly into and extend outwardly away from a main cavity of a secondmain body. The first proximal portion includes a first proximal portionbendable portion configured to bend in a plurality of directions. Thefirst proximal portion is configured to selectively move the firstanchor assembly in a plurality of directions relative to the firstproximal portion bendable portion by bending the first proximal portionbendable portion in a plurality of directions. The second main bodyincludes a first end section, a second end section, and the main cavity.The main cavity of the second main body is formed through the secondmain body from the first end section of the second main body to thesecond end section of the second main body. The first end section of thesecond main body includes a second anchor assembly and a second proximalportion. The second anchor assembly includes a third expandable member,fourth expandable member, and second negative pressure opening. Thethird expandable member is configured to transition between anon-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration. The expandedconfiguration of the third expandable member is a configuration in whichthe third expandable member is expanded radially outwards away from acentral axis of the third expandable member. The fourth expandablemember is configured to transition between a non-expanded configurationand an expanded configuration. The expanded configuration of the fourthexpandable member is a configuration in which the fourth expandablemember is expanded radially outwards away from a central axis of thefourth expandable member. The second negative pressure opening is formedbetween the third expandable member and the fourth expandable member.The second negative pressure opening is configured to apply a negativepressure. The second proximal portion is an elongated body secured to aproximal end of the second anchor assembly. The second proximal portionincludes a second proximal portion bendable portion configured to bendin a plurality of directions. The second proximal portion is configuredto selectively move the second anchor assembly in a plurality ofdirections relative to the second proximal portion bendable portion bybending the second proximal portion bendable portion in a plurality ofdirections

In another exemplary embodiment, an endoscopic system is described. Theendoscopic system is configurable to be provided in a cavity of apatient. The endoscopic system may comprise a main body. The main bodymay be an elongated body having a first end. The endoscopic system mayfurther comprise an anchor assembly attached to the main body near thefirst end of the main body. The anchor assembly may comprise a firstexpandable member. The first expandable member may be configurable toexpand radially away from the main body. The anchor assembly may furthercomprise a second expandable member provided between the firstexpandable member and the first end of the main body. The secondexpandable member may be configurable to expand radially away from themain body. The anchor assembly may be operable to secure the main bodywith respect to an interior wall forming the cavity of the patient byexpanding the first expandable member to contact the interior wallforming the cavity of the patient and expanding the second expandablemember to contact the interior wall forming the cavity of the patient.

In another exemplary embodiment, an endoscopic system is described. Theendoscopic system is configurable to be provided in a cavity of apatient. The endoscopic system may comprise a main body. The main bodymay be an elongated body having a first end. The endoscopic system mayfurther comprise a head assembly. The head assembly may have a first endportion and a second end portion opposite to the first end portion. Thefirst end portion may be attachable to the first end of the main body.The second end portion may be selectively configurable to actuate in aplurality of directions with respect to the first end portion. The headassembly may further comprise an image capturing assembly provided inthe second end portion. The image capturing assembly may be configurableto capture an image. The head assembly may further comprise aninstrument section provided in the second end portion. The instrumentsection may be configurable to provide an instrument. The instrument maycomprise at least two degrees of freedom of movement for performing anin vivo procedure in the cavity of the patient.

In another exemplary embodiment, a method is described. The method maybe for use in configuring an endoscopic system to perform a diagnosticand/or therapeutic/surgical action and/or procedure in a cavity, such asa colonic lumen, of a patient. The method may comprise providing anendoscopic system. The endoscopic system may comprise a first main body.The first main body may be an elongated body having a first end. Theendoscopic system may further comprise a second main body. The secondmain body may comprise a first end and a main cavity. The main cavitymay house at least a portion of the first main body. The first main bodyand second main body may be slidable with respect to each other. Theendoscopic system may further comprise an anchor assembly attached tothe first main body near the first end of the first main body. Theanchor assembly may comprise a first expandable member. The firstexpandable member may be configurable to expand radially away from thefirst main body. The anchor assembly may further comprise a secondexpandable member provided between the first expandable member and thefirst end of the first main body. The second expandable member may beconfigurable to expand radially away from the first main body. Theendoscopic system may further comprise a second anchor assembly attachedto the second main body near the first end of the second main body. Thesecond anchor assembly may comprise a third expandable member. The thirdexpandable member may be configurable to expand radially away from thesecond main body. The second anchor assembly may further comprise afourth expandable member provided between the third expandable memberand the first end of the second main body. The fourth expandable membermay be configurable to expand radially away from the second main body.The endoscopic system may further comprise a head assembly. The headassembly may comprise a first end portion and a second end portionopposite to the first end portion. The first end portion may beattachable to the first end of the first main body. The second endportion may be selectively configurable to actuate in a plurality ofdirections with respect to the first end portion. The head assembly mayfurther comprise an image capturing assembly provided in the second endportion. The image capturing assembly may be configurable to capture animage. The head assembly may further comprise an instrument sectionprovided in the second end portion. The instrument section may beconfigurable to provide an instrument. The instrument may have at leasttwo degrees of freedom of movement for performing an endoluminalprocedure in patients. The method may further comprise advancing thehead assembly through the cavity of the patient. The first end portionof the head assembly may be fixedly attached to the first end of thefirst main body, and at least a portion of the first main body may behoused in the main cavity of the second main body. The method mayfurther comprise identifying, via an image captured by the imagecapturing assembly, a direction of the cavity of the patient. The methodmay further comprise advancing the head assembly along the identifieddirection of the cavity of the patient by actuating the direction of thesecond end portion of the head assembly based on the identifieddirection of the cavity of the patient.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure, exampleembodiments, and their advantages, reference is now made to thefollowing description taken in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, in which like reference numbers indicate like features, and:

FIG. 1 is an illustration of a perspective view of an example embodimentof an endoscopic system;

FIG. 2A is an illustration of a perspective view of an exampleembodiment of the head assembly;

FIG. 2B is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment ofthe endoscopic system;

FIG. 2C is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment ofthe endoscopic system in a cavity, such as a colonic lumen, of apatient;

FIG. 2D is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment ofthe endoscopic system;

FIG. 2E is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment ofthe endoscopic system having the head assembly controlled to extendoutwardly, as compared to the head assembly of FIG. 2D;

FIG. 3A is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment ofthe endoscopic system;

FIG. 3B is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment ofthe endoscopic system;

FIG. 3C is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment ofthe endoscopic system;

FIG. 3D is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment ofthe endoscopic system in a cavity of a patient, and the head assemblybending based on a bend in the cavity of the patient;

FIG. 3E is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment ofthe endoscopic system, and the first main body bending based on the bendin the cavity of the patient;

FIG. 3F is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment ofthe endoscopic system, and the second main body bending based on thebend in the cavity of the patient;

FIG. 3G is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment ofthe endoscopic system, and the straightening of the flexural and/orlooping/bending section in the cavity of the patient;

FIG. 3H is an illustration of a cross-sectional view of an exampleembodiment of the first main body;

FIG. 3I is an illustration of a cross-sectional view of an exampleembodiment of the second main body;

FIG. 4A is an illustration of a side view of an example embodiment of afirst and/or second anchor assembly;

FIG. 4B is an illustration of a side view of another example embodimentof the first and/or second anchor assembly;

FIG. 4C is an illustration of a side view of another example embodimentof the first and/or second anchor assembly;

FIG. 4D is an illustration of a side view of example embodiments of thesuction openings;

FIG. 5 is an illustration of an example embodiment of a method forperforming a diagnostic and/or therapeutic/surgical action and/orprocedure in a cavity of a patient;

FIG. 6 is an illustration of an example embodiment of the endoscopicsystem having an example embodiment of a controller;

FIG. 7A is an illustration of an example embodiment of a firstcontroller; and

FIG. 7B is an illustration of an example embodiment of a secondcontroller.

Although similar reference numbers may be used to refer to similarelements in the figures for convenience, it can be appreciated that eachof the various example embodiments may be considered to be distinctvariations.

Example embodiments will now be described with reference to theaccompanying drawings, which form a part of the present disclosure, andwhich illustrate example embodiments which may be practiced. As used inthe present disclosure and the appended claims, the terms “exampleembodiment,” “exemplary embodiment,” and “present embodiment” do notnecessarily refer to a single embodiment, although they may, and variousexample embodiments may be readily combined and/or interchanged withoutdeparting from the scope or spirit of example embodiments. Furthermore,the terminology as used in the present disclosure and the appendedclaims is for the purpose of describing example embodiments only and isnot intended to be limitations. In this respect, as used in the presentdisclosure and the appended claims, the term “in” may include “in” and“on,” and the terms “a,” “an” and “the” may include singular and pluralreferences. Furthermore, as used in the present disclosure and theappended claims, the term “by” may also mean “from,” depending on thecontext. Furthermore, as used in the present disclosure and the appendedclaims, the term “if” may also mean “when” or “upon,” depending on thecontext. Furthermore, as used in the present disclosure and the appendedclaims, the words “and/or” may refer to and encompass any and allpossible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

It is recognized in the present disclosure that one or more problems areencountered in colonoscopy-related diagnostic and therapeutictechnologies and methodologies, including those described above and inthe present disclosure. For example, conventional optical colonoscopygenerally involves an insertion of a colonoscope through a colon of apatient, and requires forceful manual pushing of the colonoscope againstthe interior luminal walls forming the colon cavity at flexural orlooping/bending sections of the colon during insertion, which generallyresults in severe discomfort and/or pain to the patient. Furthermore,the retracting and/or removal of the colonoscope, including thetraversing of the colonoscope through the flexural and/orlooping/bending sections of the colon of the patient, may also give riseto discomfort and/or pain to the patient.

Recent developments in diagnostic procedures and devices have attemptedto address the aforementioned problem through the use of a miniaturizedwireless capsule having an integrated camera. To perform the diagnosticprocedure, the miniaturized capsule is orally introduced into a patient,and the miniaturized capsule passively navigates via peristalsis alongthe gastrointestinal tract in a painless manner. It is recognized in thepresent disclosure, however, that while such recent developments addressthe issue of discomfort and pain to patients, such recent developmentsare not without its own problems and limitations. For example, the invivo monitoring of the gastrointestinal tract by such miniaturizedcapsules is in fact performed in a non-controlled and very slow mannersince locomotion of the miniaturized capsule through thegastrointestinal tract occurs via peristalsis. Furthermore, while aminiaturized capsule generally takes between about 20 to 36 hours totravel through an entire gastrointestinal tract, current power capacityand consumption of such miniaturized capsules are only capable ofroughly about eight hours of operation. Accordingly, not all of thegastrointestinal tract can be imaged and/or monitored using suchtechnology. Furthermore, such miniaturized capsules are merely capableof performing imaging/diagnosing procedures, and not capable ofperforming therapeutic/surgical procedures, such as a removing ofpolyps, obtaining biopsy samples, and/or the like.

Systems, devices, and methods, including those for use in endoscopy andcolonoscopy, are described in the present disclosure for addressing oneor more problems of known systems, devices, and methods, including thosedescribed above and in the present disclosure. It is to be understoodthat the principles described in the present disclosure may be appliedoutside of the context of endoscopy and colonoscopy, such as performingdiagnostic procedures, surgical or therapeutic procedures, scientificexperiments, and/or other procedures in the same and/or otherenvironments, cavities, and/or organs not described in the presentdisclosure without departing from the teachings of the presentdisclosure.

The Endoscopic System (e.g., Endoscopic System 100)

FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an example embodiment of anendoscopic system 100. The endoscopic system 100 may comprise a headassembly 110. The endoscopic system 100 may further comprise a main body130. The main body 130 may be attachable to the head assembly 110. Forexample, a first end 130 a of the main body 130 may be fixedly attachedto a first end portion 110 a of the head assembly 110. The endoscopicsystem 100 may further comprise an anchor assembly 120. The anchorassembly 120 may be attachable to the main body 130. For example, theanchor assembly 120 may be fixedly attached to the main body 130 nearthe first end 130 a of the main body 130. The endoscopic system 100 mayfurther comprise a second main body 150. The second main body 150 mayhouse at least a portion of the main body 130, and the main body 130 andthe second main body 150 may be slidable with respect to one another. Inthis regard, the second main body 150 may comprise a main cavity, andthe main cavity may perform the said housing of the main body 130. Theendoscopic system 100 may further comprise a second anchor assembly 140.The second anchor assembly 140 may be attachable to the second main body150. For example, the second anchor assembly 140 may be fixedly attachedto the second main body 150 near the first end 150 a of the second mainbody 150. The endoscopic system 100 may further comprise a controller160. These and other elements of the endoscopic system 100 will now bedescribed with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

The Head Assembly (e.g., Head Assembly 110)

FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2A-C illustrate an example embodiment of the headassembly 110 of the endoscopic system 100. The head assembly 110 maycomprise first end portion 110 a and second end portion 110 b oppositeto the first end portion 110 a. The first end portion 110 a of the headassembly 110 may be attachable to the first end 130 a of the main body130 in example embodiments. During diagnostic and/ortherapeutic/surgical procedures, the first end portion 110 a may befixedly attached to the first end 130 a of the main body 130, asillustrated in at least FIGS. 1 to 3. It is to be understood in thepresent disclosure that example embodiments of the endoscopic system 100may comprise one or more other head assemblies, such as head assembly110′ illustrated in FIG. 2B, fixedly attached to one or more otherportions of the endoscopic system 100 in addition to or in replacementof the head system 110 attached to the first end 130 a of the main body130.

The head assembly 110 may comprise one or more image capturingassemblies 111, as illustrated in at least FIGS. 1 and 2A. Each imagecapturing assembly 111 may be any image capturing device, such as adigital and/or analog camera, digital and/or analog video camera, threedimensional (3-D) digital and/or analog camera, 3-D digital and/oranalog video camera, holographic camera, x-ray based device,infrared-based device, and/or the like. Each image capturing assembly111 may comprise one or more lenses, or the like, and may beconfigurable to zoom in and/or out either optically and/or digitally.Furthermore, each image capturing assembly 111 may be configurable tomove in one or more directions and/or positions with respect to the headassembly 110, and may also protrude outwardly and/or retract inwardlywith respect to the head assembly 110. In an example embodiment, theimage capturing assembly 111 may be housed, either in part or in whole,in one or more portions of the endoscopic system 100, such as the headassembly 110.

Each image capturing assembly 111 may further comprise one or moreillumination or light sources, such as an LED light source, opticalfiber, and/or the like. It is to be understood in the present disclosurethat each illumination source may be located together with and/orseparate from the image capturing assembly 111 in example embodiments soas to improve illumination of the interior cavity of the patient. Forexample, in example embodiments, each illumination source may beprovided as one or more illumination sources on the face 110 c of thehead assembly 110, one or more illumination sources distributed and/orcontinuously shaped around the perimeter of the face 110 c of the headassembly 110 (such as a ring-shaped illumination source when the face110 c of the head assembly 110 has a circular shape), etc.

Each image capturing assembly 111 and/or each light source may receivepower from a power source (not shown), and/or the like, and such powermay be received via wires and/or wirelessly. In an example embodiment,the power source may be housed, either in part or in whole, in one ormore portions of the endoscopic system 100, such as the head assembly110, the main body 130, and/or the second main body 150, and/or providedoutside of the patient (such as separate power source 180 and/or powerobtained from controller 160).

Each image capturing assembly 111 may be configurable to providecaptured/recorded images (such as still images and/or video images,hereinafter “captured images”) to a controller 160, computer-readablemedium 162, and/or the like, and such captured images may be received bythe controller 160 and/or computer-readable medium 162 via wires and/orwirelessly. An operator/surgeon performing a diagnostic, therapeutic,and/or surgical procedure using the endoscopic system 100 may beoperable to receive and view the captured images in real-time and/ornear real-time via the controller 160, and such captured images may alsobe stored in the computer-readable medium 162 for viewing at a latertime as well. In example embodiments, the operator/surgeon may perform,among other things, one or more of the following using the capturedimages of the image capturing assembly 111: one or more insertions of aportion of the endoscopic system 100 into the cavity of the patient; oneor more anchoring of the anchor assembly 120 and/or second anchorassembly 140; one or more advancing of the main body 130 and/or secondmain body 150; a straightening of one or more flexural orlooping/bending sections of the cavity of the patient; illumination ofone or more portions of the cavity of the patient via the light sourceof the head assembly 110; one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, and/orsurgical procedures using one or more of the instruments 112; one ormore other procedures and operations of the endoscopic system 100, orparts thereof; etc.

In an example embodiment, the controller 160 and/or computer-readablemedium 162 may be housed, either in part or in whole, in one or moreportions of the endoscopic system 100, such as the head assembly 110,the main body 130, and/or the second main body 150, and/or providedoutside of the patient (as illustrated in at least FIG. 1, FIG. 6, andFIGS. 7A-B). The controller 160 may be any device or system operable tocommunicate with one or more elements of endoscopic system 100, and mayinclude a computing device, communication device, processor, virtualmachine, computer, node, instance, host, server, client, chip/microchip,and/or machine, including combinations thereof and/or those in anetworked computing environment. The controller 160 may comprise logicstored in non-transitory computer readable medium, such as computerreadable medium 162, which, when executed by the controller 160 and/or aprocessor of or associated with the controller 160, is operable toperform one or more actions, operations, configurations, and/orcommunications with one or more elements of the endoscopic system 100,including those described above and in the present disclosure. Forexample, the controller 160 may be operable to, among other things,communicate with and/or configure one or more of: the computer-readablemedium 162, the image capturing assembly 111, instrument 112, movementcontrol cavity 113, irrigation cavity 114, insufflation cavity 115,second end portion 110 b, first end portion 110 a, head assembly 110,first end 130 a, main body 130, movement control cavity 133, irrigationcavity 134, insufflation cavity 135, anchor cavities 136, first end 150a, second main body 150, anchor cavities 154, first expandable member124, second expandable member 122, first anchor assembly 120, thirdexpandable member 144, fourth expandable member 142, second anchorassembly 140, first suction opening 126, second suction opening 146,pressure control subsystem 170, power source 180, irrigation subsystem190, insufflation subsystem 192, expansion source subsystem 194, etc.Example embodiments of the controller 160 will be further described inthe present disclosure, including in the below section “the controller(e.g., controller 160)”.

As illustrated in at least FIG. 2C, the head assembly 110 may furthercomprise one or more instruments 112. Each instrument 112 may be any oneor more surgical instruments, or the like, for use in performing adiagnostic, therapeutic, and/or surgical procedure, and/or obtainingsamples. For example, each instrument 112 may include one or more biopsyforceps, miniaturized manipulator, snare, and/or the like. In exampleembodiments, the one or more instruments 112 may be housed in one ormore portions of the endoscopic system 100, such as in the head assembly110, the main body 130, the second main body 150, and/or outside of thecavity of the patient. When needed, the one or more instruments 112 maybe provided through an instrument cavity or channel 112 a (see FIGS. 1and 2A), and may also be provided outwardly (as illustrated in at leastFIG. 2C) and/or retracted inwardly with respect to the head assembly110. In example embodiments, the instrument 112 may be configurable tohave one or more degrees of freedom (DOF) of movement. The one or moreinstruments 112 may be configured and/or controlled by the controller160 and/or an operator/surgeon, either manually and/or via thecontroller 160, in example embodiments. Furthermore, one or moremovements and/or positions of the instrument(s) 112 may be stored in thecomputer-readable medium 162.

At least a portion of the head assembly 110, such as the second endportion 110 b, may be selectively configurable to actuate (includingbending, turning, pivoting, twisting, moving, etc., hereinafter“actuate”) in one or more of a plurality of directions (and/orpositions, locations, and/or the like) with respect to one or morepoints/areas, such as the first end portion 110 a and/or other portionsof the head assembly 110 and/or endoscopic system 100. For example, thesecond end portion 110 b may be selectively configured and/or controlledto actuate (bend) in a plurality of directions, such as the bendingillustrated in at least FIG. 3D and FIGS. 2A and 2C. The second endportion 110 b may also be selectively configured and/or controlled toactuate (extend outwardly and/or retract inwardly) with respect to oneor more points/areas, such as the first end portion 110 a of the headassembly 110 and/or other portions of the head assembly 110 and/orendoscopic system 100, as illustrated in at least FIG. 2D and FIG. 2E.Furthermore, the head assembly 110 may be capable of at least twodegrees of freedom (DOF) of movement, including a pitch and yawmovement. In example embodiments, each degree of freedom may have abending angle of at least 110 degrees.

It is recognized in the present disclosure that actuating of at least aportion of the head assembly 110 may assist in enabling the endoscopicsystem 100 to advance around flexural and/or looping/bending sections ofthe cavity of the patient without forceful manual pushing against theinterior wall forming the cavity, such as the colonic lumen, of thepatient. It is further recognized in the present disclosure thatactuating of at least a portion of the head assembly 110, includingthose described above and in the present disclosure, may enable the oneor more image capturing assemblies 111 to improve image capturingcapabilities. Furthermore, actuating of at least a portion of the headassembly 110, including those described above and in the presentdisclosure, may enable the one or more illumination sources to provideimproved illumination to specific areas within the cavity of thepatient. Furthermore, actuating of at least a portion of the headassembly 110, including those described above and in the presentdisclosure, may enable the one or more instruments 112 to more readilyaccess and/or perform diagnostic, therapeutic, and/or surgicalprocedures, including obtaining samples, within the cavity of thepatient and/or an interior wall forming the cavity of the patient.

The at least one portion of the head assembly 110 may be selectivelyconfigurable to actuate in one or more of a plurality of directionsusing one or more elements of the endoscopic system 100 and/or one ormore methods described below and in the present disclosure. In anexample embodiment, the head assembly 110 may comprise one or moremovement control cavities 113, or the like. Each movement control cavity113 may be operable to receive and/or house a filler, and/or the like.The filler may be any substance or material, including a gas, such asair, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, a liquid, such as water, oil, and/or asolid, such as micro particle. When it is desired to actuate a movement,control, and/or position of a portion of the head assembly 110, such asthe second end portion 110 b of the head assembly 110, in a specificdesired direction and/or position, a predetermined selection and/orcombination of one or more of the movement control cavities 113 may beselectively configured and controlled. For example, one or more of themovement control cavities 113 may house one or more types of fillers,and such fillers may be manipulated, manually by operator/surgeon and/orvia controller 160, to actuate the portion of the head assembly 110. Asanother example, one or more of the movement control cavities 113 may beprovided with a predetermined quantity of one or more types of fillerswhen actuating of the portion of the head assembly 110 is required. Asanother example, the properties of the filler material housed in one ormore of the movement control cavities 113 may be selectively configuredto change, such as change in volume (expand and/or contract), stiffen,become more flexible, change from gas to liquid phase (and vice versa),change from liquid to solid phase (and vice versa), change from gas tosolid phase (and vice versa), change in pressure, change in temperature,change in shape, change in size, change in tensile strength, etc. Toeffect one or more such changes, the one or more fillers may be amaterial (or combination of materials) selected in such a way that anintroduction, application, and/or removal of an application, each asapplicable, of an electric current, voltage potential, resistance,pressure, temperature, magnetic field, and/or the like, causes and/orcontrols one or more of the above-mentioned changes in properties. Forexample, the filler may be a memory-shaped metal or other material, orthe like.

In example embodiments, the actuating of the head assembly 110,including the second end portion 110 b of the head assembly 110, asdescribed above and in the present disclosure, may be performed and/orcontrolled by the controller 160 and/or an operator/surgeon, eithermanually and/or via the controller 160. Furthermore, the amount offiller, change in quantity of filler, and/or change in properties of thefiller in the one or more movement control cavities 113 may be stored inthe computer-readable medium 162.

It is to be understood in the present disclosure that very small/minute,precise/accurate, quick, and firm movements of the second end portion110 b of the head assembly 110, as well as the instrument(s) 112, imagecapturing assembly 111, and/or other portions of the endoscopic system100, may be achievable using the aforementioned elements of theendoscopic system 100 and/or methods. It is also to be understood in thepresent disclosure that other elements and/or methods for actuating amovement, control, and/or position of a portion of the head assembly110, such as one or more sensors (such as motion sensors, proximitysensors, distance sensors, etc.), are contemplated without departingfrom the teachings of the present disclosure. Furthermore, it isrecognized in the present disclosure that movement, positioning, and/orcontrolling of other elements of the endoscopic system, including one ormore of the instrument 112, main body 130, second main body 150, headassembly 110′, and/or other elements of the endoscopic system 100 mayalso be based on, performed, and/or controlled in a similar and/orsubstantially the same manner as described above for the head assembly110 in example embodiments.

As illustrated in at least FIGS. 1 and 2A, the head assembly 110 mayfurther comprise one or more irrigation cavities 114. Each irrigationcavity 114 may be configurable to provide movement of fluid and/orsolids into and/or out of the cavity of the patient via an irrigationsubsystem 190. For example, each irrigation cavity 114 in communicationwith the irrigation subsystem 190 may be operable to introduce a liquidinto the cavity of the patient, and each irrigation cavity 114 incommunication with the irrigation subsystem 190 may be operable toremove a liquid, such as water, and/or solid, such as polyps, from thecavity of the patient. In example embodiments, the movement of fluidand/or solids into and/or out of the cavity of the patient via the oneor more irrigation cavities 114 may be performed and/or controlled bythe controller 160 and/or an operator/surgeon, either manually and/orvia the controller 160. Furthermore, the amount of such movements ofliquid and/or solids into and/or out of the cavity of the patient viathe one or more irrigation cavities 114 may be stored in thecomputer-readable medium 162.

The head assembly 110 may further comprise one or more insufflationcavities 115. Each insufflation cavity 115 may be configurable toprovide a gas for use in performing insufflation of the cavity of thepatient via an insufflation subsystem 192. In example embodiments, theinsufflation of the cavity of the patient via the one or moreinsufflation cavities 115 may be performed and/or controlled by thecontroller 160 and/or an operator/surgeon either manually and/or via thecontroller 160. Furthermore, the amount of such insufflation via the oneor more insufflation cavities 115 may be stored in the computer-readablemedium 162.

It is to be understood in the present disclosure that the head assembly110, including one or more of the image capturing assembly 111,illumination source, instrument 112, movement control cavities 113,irrigation cavity 114, irrigation subsystem 190, insufflation cavity115, and/or insufflation subsystem 192 may be provided in aconfiguration that is the same as, similar to, based on, or differentfrom that illustrated in the example embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2Awithout departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.Furthermore, one or more of the image capturing assembly 111,illumination source, instrument 112, movement control cavities 113,irrigation cavity 114, and insufflation cavity 115 may be provided, ornot provided, in the head assembly 110 without departing from theteachings of the present disclosure.

The head assembly 110, and/or cross-section thereof, may be formed inany one of a plurality of shapes, sizes, and/or dimensions. For example,the head assembly 110 may be an elongated cylindrical body, asillustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2A. The cross-sectional shape of the headassembly 110 may also be one or more of a rectangle, square, pentagon,hexagon, etc., or combination of one or more geometric shapes, withoutdeparting from the teachings of the present disclosure.

In an example embodiment wherein the shape of the head assembly 110 iscylindrical in shape with a circular cross-section, an outer diameter ofthe cross-section of the head assembly 110 may be between about 5 to 30mm. The length of the head assembly 110 may be between about 10 to 100mm. It is to be understood in the present disclosure that the abovedimensions are merely an illustration of example embodiments, and assuch the dimensions may be smaller or larger than those recited abovewithout departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

The head assembly 110 may be formed using any one or more of a pluralityof materials, such as surgical-grade plastics, rubbers, etc. Theinstrument 112 may be formed using any one or more of a plurality ofmaterials, such as surgical-grade metals, high-strength aluminum alloys,stainless steel (such as 304/304L, 316/316L, and 420), pure titanium,titanium alloys (such as Ti₆Al₄V, NiTi), cobalt-chromium alloys, etc. Itis to be understood in the present disclosure that other materials mayalso be used without departing from the teachings of the presentdisclosure. It is to be understood in the present disclosure that theabove materials are merely an illustration of example embodiments, andthese and other materials and compositions may be used without departingfrom the teachings of the present disclosure.

The Main Body (e.g., Main Body 130)

FIG. 1, FIGS. 2A-C, and FIGS. 3A-H illustrate an example embodiment ofthe main body 130 of the endoscopic system 100. As used in the presentdisclosure, the main body 130 may also be referred to as the first mainbody 130, inner body 130, first tube 130, inner tube 130, and/or thelike. The main body 130 may comprise a first end 130 a and an exposedend portion 130 b. The first end 130 a of the main body 130 may beattachable to the first end portion 110 a of the head assembly 110 inexample embodiments. During diagnostic and/or therapeutic/surgicalprocedures, the first end 130 a may be fixedly attached to the first endportion 110 a of the head assembly 110, as illustrated in at least FIGS.1 to 3.

At least a portion of the main body 130 may be selectively configurableto actuate (and/or bend, turn, pivot, twist, move, and/or the like) inone or more of a plurality of directions (and/or positions, locations,and/or the like) with respect to the second main body 150 and/or otherportions of the main body 130 and/or endoscopic system 100. Suchactuating of a portion of the main body 130 may be similar to, the sameas, based on, or different from the actuating described above for thehead assembly 110. For example, a portion of the main body 130 closer tothe first end 130 a may be selectively configured and/or controlled tobend in a plurality of directions, as illustrated in at least FIG. 3Eand FIG. 1. The said portion of the main body 130 closer to the firstend 130 a may also be selectively configured and/or controlled to slide,that is, extend outwardly and/or retract inwardly, with respect to thesecond main body 150 in example embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 3B.It is recognized in the present disclosure that sliding and/or actuatingof at least a portion of the main body 130 may enable the endoscopicsystem 100 to advance around flexural and/or looping/bending sections ofthe cavity of the patient without forceful manual pushing against theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient. Furthermore, actuatingof at least a portion of the main body 130 may enable the one or moreillumination sources of the head assembly 110 to provide improvedillumination to specific areas within the cavity of the patient.Furthermore, actuating of at least a portion of the main body 130 mayenable the one or more instruments 112 of the head assembly 110 to morereadily access and perform diagnostic, therapeutic and/or surgicalprocedures, including obtaining samples, within the cavity of thepatient.

At least one portion of the main body 130 may be selectivelyconfigurable to slide with respect to the second main body 150 (asillustrated in FIGS. 3B-C) and/or actuate in one or more of a pluralityof directions using one or more elements of the endoscopic system 100and/or one or more methods, as described below and in the presentdisclosure. In an example embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3H, the mainbody 130 may comprise one or more movement control cavities 133, or thelike. Each movement control cavity 133 may be operable to receive and/orhouse a filler, and/or the like. The filler may be any substance ormaterial, including a gas, such as air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, aliquid, such as water, oil, and/or a solid, such as micro particle. Whenit is desired to actuate a movement, control, and/or position of aportion of the main body 130, such as the portion of the main body 130closer to the first end 130 a, in a specific desired direction and/orposition, a predetermined selection and/or combination of one or more ofthe movement control cavities 133 may be selectively configured andcontrolled. For example, one or more of the movement control cavities133 may house one or more types of fillers, such as gas, and suchfillers may be manipulated, manually by operator/surgeon and/or viacontroller 160, to actuate the portion of the main body 130, such as viathe pressure control subsystem 170, expansion source subsystem 194, etc.As another example, one or more of the movement control cavities 133 maybe provided with a predetermined quantity of one or more types offillers when actuating of the portion of the main body 130 is required.As another example, the properties of the filler material housed in oneor more of the movement control cavities 133 may be selectivelyconfigured to change, such as change in volume (expand and/or contract),stiffen, become more flexible, change from gas to liquid phase (and viceversa), change from liquid to solid phase (and vice versa), change fromgas to solid phase (and vice versa), change in pressure, change intemperature, change in shape/size, change in tensile strength, etc. Toeffect one or more such changes, the one or more fillers may be amaterial (or combination of materials) selected in such a way that anintroduction, application, change, and/or removal of an application,each as applicable, of an electric current, voltage potential,resistance, pressure, temperature, magnetic field, and/or the like,causes one or more of the above-mentioned changes in properties. Forexample, the filler may be a memory-shaped metal, other material,spring-based or spring-like material, or the like.

In example embodiments, the actuating of the main body 130, includingthe portion of the main body 130 closer to the first end 130 a, asdescribed above and in the present disclosure, may be performed and/orcontrolled by the controller 160 and/or an operator/surgeon, eithermanually and/or via the controller 160. Furthermore, the amount offiller, change in quantity of filler, and/or change in properties of thefiller in the one or more movement control cavities 133 may be stored inthe computer-readable medium 162.

It is to be understood in the present disclosure that very small/minute,precise/accurate, quick, and firm movements of the portion of the mainbody 130 closer to the first end 130 a, may be achievable using theaforementioned elements of the endoscopic system 100 and/or methods. Itis also to be understood in the present disclosure that other elementsand/or methods for actuating a movement, control, and/or position of aportion of the main body 130 and/or other elements of the endoscopicsystem 100 are contemplated without departing from the teachings of thepresent disclosure. Furthermore, it is recognized in the presentdisclosure that movement, positioning, and/or controlling of otherelements of the endoscopic system, including one or more of theinstrument 112, head assembly 110, second main body 150, and/or otherelements of the endoscopic system 100 may also be based on, performed,and/or controlled in a similar and/or substantially the same manner asdescribed above for the main body 130 in example embodiments.

As illustrated in at least FIG. 3H, in example embodiments, the mainbody 130 may further comprise one or more image capturing cavities 131.The image capturing cavity 131 may be operable to enable the imagecapturing assembly 111 and/or other image capturing assemblies (such asthose in head assembly 110′) to move with respect to the head assembly110, and/or enable cables (if any) of the image capturing assembly 111and/or other image capturing assemblies (such as those in head assembly110′) to be connected to the controller 160 and/or computer-readablemedium 162.

As illustrated in at least FIG. 3H, in example embodiments, the mainbody 130 may further comprise one or more instrument cavities 132. Theinstrument cavity 132 may be operable to enable the instrument 112and/or other instruments (not shown) to move with respect to the headassembly (i.e., connected to the instrument cavity 112 a), and/or enablecables (if any) and/or connections (if any) of the instrument 112 to beaccessible by the operator/surgeon and/or connected to the controller160 and/or computer-readable medium 162.

As illustrated in at least FIG. 3H, in example embodiments, the mainbody 130 may further comprise one or more irrigation cavities 134. Theirrigation cavity 134 may be operable to enable the movement of fluidand/or solids into and/or out of the cavity of the patient. Theirrigation cavity 134 may be connected to the irrigation cavity 114and/or other irrigation cavities and/or openings (not shown). Theirrigation cavity 134 may also be connected to the irrigation subsystem190 in example embodiments.

As illustrated in at least FIG. 3H, in example embodiments, the mainbody 130 may further comprise one or more insufflation cavities 135. Theinsufflation cavity 135 may be operable to provide a gas for use inperforming insufflation of the cavity of the patient. The insufflationcavity 135 may or may not be connected to the insufflation cavity 115.The insufflation cavity 135 may also be connected to the insufflationsubsystem 192 or a different subsystem in example embodiments.

As illustrated in at least FIG. 3H, in example embodiments, the mainbody 130 may further comprise one or more anchor cavities 136 operableto configure, control, and/or assist in configuring and/or controllingthe anchor assembly 120. The anchor cavity 136 may be operable toprovide a gas, liquid, and/or solid, and/or combination thereof, for usein expanding (such as expanding radially from the main body 130) one ormore of the first expandable member 122 and the second expandable member124. The anchor cavity 136 may be connected to one or more of the firstexpandable member 122 and the second expandable member 124. The anchorcavity 136 may also be connected to an expansion source subsystem 194 inexample embodiments. The anchor assembly 120 will be further describedbelow.

As illustrated in at least FIG. 3H, in example embodiments, the mainbody 130 may further comprise one or more suction cavities 137. Thesuction cavity 137 may be operable to provide a negative pressure (orperform a removal of gas). For example, the suction cavity 137 may beoperable to apply a negative pressure to a region between the firstexpandable member 122 (when expanded), the second expandable member 124(when expanded), the interior wall forming the cavity of the patient102, and the main body 130. The suction cavity 137 may be connected tothe suction opening 126. The suction cavity 137 may also be connected tothe pressure control subsystem 170 in example embodiments. The suctionopening 126 will be further described below.

It is to be understood in the present disclosure that the main body 130,including one or more of the image capturing cavities 131, instrumentcavities 132, movement control cavities 133, irrigation cavity 134,irrigation subsystem 190, insufflation cavity 135, insufflationsubsystem 192, anchor cavities 136, expansion source subsystem 194,suction cavities 137, and pressure control subsystem 170 may be providedin a configuration that is the same as, similar to, based on, ordifferent from that illustrated in the example embodiment of FIG. 3Hwithout departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.Furthermore, one or more of the image capturing cavities 131, instrumentcavities 132, movement control cavities 133, irrigation cavity 134,insufflation cavity 135, anchor cavities 136, and suction cavities 137may be provided, or not provided, in the main body 130 without departingfrom the teachings of the present disclosure. It is also to beunderstood in the present disclosure that one or more of the irrigationsubsystem 190, insufflation subsystem 192, expansion source subsystem194, and pressure control subsystem 170 may be the same or differentsubsystems in example embodiments.

The main body 130, and cross-section thereof, may be formed in any oneof a plurality of shapes, sizes, and/or dimensions. For example, themain body 130 may be an elongated cylindrical body, as illustrated inFIGS. 1 to 3. A cross sectional shape of the main body 130 may also beone or more of a rectangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, etc., orcombination of one or more geometric shapes, without departing from theteachings of the present disclosure.

In an example embodiment wherein the cross-sectional shape of the mainbody 130 is cylindrical in shape with a circular cross-section, an outerdiameter of the main body 130 may be between about 5 to 30 mm. Thelength of the main body 130 may be expanded/contracted between about 50to 200 cm. It is to be understood in the present disclosure that theabove dimensions are merely an illustration of example embodiments, andas such the dimensions may be smaller or larger than those recited abovewithout departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

The main body 130 may be formed using any one or more of a plurality ofmaterials, such as surgical-grade plastics, rubbers, etc. It is to beunderstood in the present disclosure that other materials may also beused without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. Itis to be understood in the present disclosure that the above materialsare merely an illustration of example embodiments, and these and othermaterials and compositions may be used without departing from theteachings of the present disclosure.

The Anchor Assembly (e.g., Anchor Assembly 120)

A perspective view of an example embodiment of an expanded anchorassembly 120 (e.g., anchor assembly 120 expanded radially from the mainbody 130) is illustrated in at least FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A; a side view ofan example embodiment of an expanded anchor assembly 120 (e.g., anchorassembly 120 expanded radially from the main body 130) is illustrated inat least FIGS. 2B-C, FIG. 3A, FIG. 3D, and FIGS. 3F-G; and a side viewof an example embodiment of an un-expanded anchor assembly 120 (e.g.,anchor assembly 120 not expanded radially from the main body 130) isillustrated in at least FIGS. 3B-C. The anchor assembly 120 may beattachable to the main body 130. During diagnostic and/ortherapeutic/surgical procedures, the anchor assembly 120 may be fixedlyattached to the main body 130 near the first end 130 a of the main body130.

The anchor assembly 120 may be configurable to perform, among otherthings, a securing of a position and/or location of the main body 130.In an example embodiment, when the endoscopic system 100 is insertedinto the cavity of the patient, as illustrated in at least FIG. 2C, FIG.3D, and FIGS. 3F-G, the anchor assembly 120 may be configurable tosecure the main body 130 with respect to the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient. The anchor assembly 120 may secure the main body130 with respect to the interior wall forming the cavity of the patientin one or more of a plurality of ways. In an example embodiment, one ormore expandable members 122, 124 may be expanded to contact the interiorwalls forming the cavity of the patient. The anchor assembly 120 mayalso secure the main body 130 with respect to the interior wall formingthe cavity of the patient by applying a negative pressure via one ormore suction openings 126. The anchor assembly 120 may also secure themain body 130 with respect to the interior wall forming the cavity ofthe patient via one or more surface patterns, roughness, protrusions,and/or the like formed on a surface, or portion(s) thereof, of one ormore expandable members 122, 124. The anchor assembly 120 may alsosecure the main body 130 with respect to the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient using a magnetic element and correspondingexternal magnetic element provided outside of the patient. The securing,by the anchor assembly 120, of the main body 130 with respect to theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient will now be furtherdescribed below.

The anchor assembly 120 may comprise one or more expandable members 122,124. During diagnostic and/or therapeutic/surgical procedures, the oneor more expandable members 122, 124 may be fixedly attached to the mainbody 130 near the first end 130 a of the main body 130. In an exampleembodiment, the anchor assembly 120 may comprise expandable member 122.As used in the present disclosure, the expandable member 122 may also bereferred to as the first expandable member 122, first balloon 122,and/or the like. The anchor assembly 120 may further comprise secondexpandable member 124. The second expandable member 124 may be providedbetween the first expandable member 122 and the first end 130 a of themain body 130. As used in the present disclosure, the second expandablemember 124 may also be referred to as the expandable member 124, secondballoon 124, and/or the like. It is to be understood in the presentdisclosure that the anchor assembly 120 may comprise other quantities ofexpandable members, such as one or more additional expandable members,without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

Each expandable member 122, 124 may be configurable to change itsvolume/size to be a minimum volume/size, a maximum volume/size, and avolume/size between the minimum and maximum volumes/sizes. For example,each expandable member 122, 124 may be configurable to expand radiallyaway from the main body 130.

In an example embodiment, each expandable member 122, 124 may be ahollow member resembling a balloon, tire, or the like. In this regard,each expandable member 122, 124 may be operable to expand (i.e., securethe main body 130) by receiving a gas (or positive pressure), liquid,solid, and/or combination thereof. The expanding of the expandablemember 122, 124 may occur partially, substantially, or completely in adirection away from the main body 130 (i.e., radially away from the mainbody 130). Furthermore, each expandable member 122, 124 may be operableto reduce in size (or contract or un-secure the main body 130) byremoving the gas (or removing the positive pressure or applying anegative pressure), liquid, solid, and/or combination thereof, receivedin the expandable member 122, 124. To secure the main body 130 withrespect to the interior wall forming the cavity of the patient, the oneor more expandable members 122, 124 may be expanded to contact theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient. It is recognized in thepresent disclosure that the expanding and contacting of the one or moreexpandable members 122, 124 with the interior wall forming the cavity ofthe patient may provide for a sufficient securing or anchoring of themain body 130 so as to withstand a force of at least 0.1 to 20 N.

One or more of the expandable members 122, 124 may comprise one or moresurface patterns, roughness, protrusions, and/or the like formed on asurface, or portion(s) thereof, of the one or more expandable members122, 124. During diagnostic and/or therapeutic/surgical procedureswherein a securing or anchoring of the main body 130 with respect to theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient is desired or required,such surface patterns, roughness, protrusions, and/or the like formed onthe surface of one or more expandable members 122, 124 that are incontact with the interior wall forming the cavity of the patient mayfurther improve the securing or anchoring of the main body 130. Forexample, the surface pattern, roughness, protrusions, and/or the likemay provide, or contribute in providing, resistance of a movement of oneor more of the expandable members 122, 124 contacting the interior wallforming the cavity of the patient with respect to the interior wallforming the cavity of the patient. It is recognized in the presentdisclosure that such securing or anchoring of the main body 130 may beoperable to withstand a force of at least 0.1 to 30 N.

It is to be understood in the present disclosure that the anchorassembly 120, including one or more of the first and second expandablemembers 122, 124, may or may not be a hollow member resembling aballoon, tire, or the like. For example, one or more of the first andsecond expandable members 122, 124 may only be partially hollow. Asanother example, one or more of the first and second expandable members122, 124 may be formed partially, substantially, and/or entirely of anexpandable solid and/or liquid. In this regard, the properties of suchmaterial forming one or more of the first and second expandable members122, 124 may be selectively configured to change, such as change involume (expand and/or contract), stiffen, become more flexible, changefrom gas to liquid phase (and vice versa), change from liquid to solidphase (and vice versa), change from gas to solid phase (and vice versa),change in pressure, change in temperature, change in shape, change insize, change in tensile strength, etc. To effect one or more suchchanges, such material forming one or more of the first and secondexpandable members 122, 124 may be a material (or combination ofmaterials) selected in such a way that an introduction, application,change, and/or removal of an application, each as applicable, of anelectric current, voltage potential, resistance, pressure, temperature,magnetic field, and/or the like, causes one or more of theabove-mentioned changes in properties. For example, such material may bea memory-shaped metal, other material, spring-based or spring-likematerial, or the like.

In some example embodiments, the anchor assembly 120 may comprise one ormore expandable members that expand in one or more other directions inaddition to expanding radially away from the main body 130, such as theexample illustrated in FIG. 4B. In other example embodiments, such asthe example illustrated in FIG. 4A, the anchor assembly 120 may comprisean integrated first and second expandable members 122, 124, or the like.In other example embodiments, such as the example illustrated in FIG.4C, the anchor assembly 120 may comprise a magnetic element 126′, or thelike, operable to secure to a corresponding magnetic element providedoutside of the patient.

The anchor assembly 120 may further comprise one or more suctionopenings 126. As used in the present disclosure, the suction opening 126may also be referred to as the first suction opening 126. The suctionopening 126 may be formed in one or more of a plurality of shapes andprovided in one or more quantities. FIG. 4D illustrates exampleembodiments of the one or more suction openings 126. During diagnosticand/or therapeutic/surgical procedures wherein a securing or anchoringof the main body 130 with respect to the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient is desired or required, the one or more suctionopenings 126 may further improve the securing or anchoring of the mainbody 130. For example, the suction opening 126 may be operable to applya negative pressure to a region between the first expandable member 122(when expanded), the second expandable member 124 (when expanded), theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient 102 (as illustrated inat least FIG. 3F), and the main body 130. In example embodiments, thesuction opening 126 may be configurable to apply a negative pressure andvary the applied negative pressure between about −10 kPa to vacuum. Itis recognized in the present disclosure that such securing or anchoringof the main body 130 with the use of the expanded first and secondexpandable members 122, 124 and the one or more suction openings 126 mayprovide improved securing or anchoring, and may be operable to withstanda force of at least 0.1 to 40 N.

In example embodiments, the applying of the negative pressure by thesuction opening 126 (i.e., the suctioning or removal of gas from theregion between the first expandable member 122 (when expanded), thesecond expandable member 124 (when expanded), the interior wall formingthe cavity of the patient 102, and the main body 130) may be performedprior to, at the same time as (or correspond with), and/or after theexpansion of the expandable members 122, 124. Furthermore, in exampleembodiments, the applying of the negative pressure by the suctionopening 126 (i.e., the suctioning or removal of gas from the regionbetween the first expandable member 122 (when expanded), the secondexpandable member 124 (when expanded), the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient 102, and the main body 130) may be operable toprovide, or contribute in providing, the expanding of one or more of theexpandable members 122, 124. For example, as the gas in the regionbetween the first expandable member 122 (when expanded), the secondexpandable member 124 (when expanded), the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient 102, and the main body 130 is being suctioned orremoved, the said suctioned or removed gas may be provided into one ormore of the expandable members 122, 124. In such an example, a filter,or the like, may be provided to remove unwanted particles, liquid,and/or gas from entering and/or exiting the expandable members 122, 124.

It is to be understood in the present disclosure that, in exampleembodiments wherein the anchor assembly 120 comprises more than twoexpandable members, the suction openings 126 may be provided betweensome or all of the expandable members. For example, if the anchorassembly 120 comprises three expandable members, then suction openings126 may be provided between each of the three expandable members.

Each expandable member 122, 124, and cross-section thereof, may beformed in any one of a plurality of shapes, sizes, and/or dimensions.For example, the expandable members 122, 124 may resemble a tablet ordonut shape with a circular cross-section. A cross sectional shape ofthe expandable members 122, 124 may also be one or more of a rectangle,square, pentagon, hexagon, etc., or combination of one or more geometricshapes, without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

In an example embodiment wherein the cross-sectional shape of theexpandable members 122, 124 is circular, an outer diameter of theexpandable members 122, 124 may be between about 3 to 100 mm. Thedistance that the expandable members 122, 124 may be expanded radiallyaway from and contracted towards the main body 130 may be between about0.05 to 50 mm. It is to be understood in the present disclosure that theabove dimensions are merely an illustration of example embodiments, andas such the dimensions may be smaller or larger than those recited abovewithout departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

The expandable members 122, 124 may be formed using any one or more of aplurality of materials, such as surgical-grade plastics, rubbers, etc.It is to be understood in the present disclosure that the materialforming the surface pattern, roughness, and/or protrusion of the surfaceof the expandable members 122, 124 may be the same as, or differentfrom, the material of the rest of the expandable members 122, 124. It isto be understood in the present disclosure that other materials may alsobe used without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.It is to be understood in the present disclosure that the abovematerials are merely an illustration of example embodiments, and theseand other materials and compositions may be used without departing fromthe teachings of the present disclosure.

The Second Main Body (e.g., Second Main Body 150)

FIG. 1, FIGS. 2B-C, FIGS. 3A-G, and FIG. 3I illustrate an exampleembodiment of the second main body 150 of the endoscopic system 100. Asused in the present disclosure, the second main body 150 may also bereferred to as the outer body 150, second tube 150, outer tube 150,and/or the like. The second main body 150 may comprise a first end 150 aand an exposed end portion 150 b.

A portion of the main body 130 near the first end 150 a may, or may not,be selectively configurable to actuate (and/or bend, turn, pivot, twist,move, and/or the like) in one or more of a plurality of directions(and/or positions, locations, and/or the like) with respect to the otherportions of the second main body 150. Such actuating of a portion of thesecond main body 150 may be similar to, the same as, based on, ordifferent from the actuating described above for the main body 130. Thesecond main body 150 may be selectively configured and/or controlled toslide, that is, extend outwardly and/or retract inwardly, with respectto the main body 130 in example embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 3C.It is recognized in the present disclosure that sliding and/or actuatingof at least a portion of the second main body 150 with respect to themain body 130 may enable the endoscopic system 100 to advance aroundflexural and/or looping/bending sections of the cavity, such as thecolonic lumen, of the patient without forceful manual pushing againstthe interior wall forming the cavity of the patient.

In an example embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3I, the second main body150 may comprise one or more movement control cavities 153, or the like.Each movement control cavity 153 may be operable to receive and/or housea filler, and/or the like. The filler may be any substance or material,including a gas, such as air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, a liquid, suchas water, oil, and/or a solid, such as micro particle. When it isdesired to actuate a movement, control, and/or position of a portion ofthe second main body 150, such as the portion of the second main body150 closer to the first end 150 a, in a specific desired directionand/or position, a predetermined selection and/or combination of one ormore of the movement control cavities 153 may be selectively configuredand controlled. For example, one or more of the movement controlcavities 153 may house one or more types of fillers, such as a gas, andsuch fillers may be manipulated, manually by operator/surgeon and/or viacontroller 160, to actuate the portion of the second main body 150, suchas via the pressure control subsystem 170, expansion source subsystem194, etc. As another example, one or more of the movement controlcavities 153 may be provided with a predetermined quantity of one ormore types of fillers when actuating of the portion of the second mainbody 150 is required. As another example, the properties of the fillermaterial housed in one or more of the movement control cavities 153 maybe selectively configured to change, such as change in volume (expandand/or contract), stiffen, become more flexible, change from gas toliquid phase (and vice versa), change from liquid to solid phase (andvice versa), change from gas to solid phase (and vice versa), change inpressure, change in temperature, change in shape/size, change in tensilestrength, etc. To effect one or more such changes, the one or morefillers may be a material (or combination of materials) selected in sucha way that an introduction, application, change, and/or removal of anapplication, each as applicable, of an electric current, voltagepotential, resistance, pressure, temperature, magnetic field, and/or thelike, causes one or more of the above-mentioned changes in properties.For example, the filler may be a memory-shaped metal, other material,spring-based or spring-like material, or the like.

In example embodiments, the actuating of the second main body 150,including the portion of the second main body 150 closer to the firstend 150 a, as described above and in the present disclosure, may beperformed and/or controlled by the controller 160 and/or anoperator/surgeon, either manually and/or via the controller 160.Furthermore, the amount of filler, change in quantity of filler, and/orchange in properties of the filler in the one or more movement controlcavities 153 may be stored in the computer-readable medium 162.

It is to be understood in the present disclosure that other elementsand/or methods for actuating a movement, control, and/or position of aportion of the second main body 150 and/or other elements of theendoscopic system 100 are contemplated without departing from theteachings of the present disclosure.

As illustrated in at least FIG. 3I, in example embodiments, the secondmain body 150 may further comprise one or more main cavities 152. Themain cavity 152 may be operable to enable the main body 130 to move withrespect to the second main body 150, and vice versa. Other main cavities152 may be provided in example embodiments having other main bodies,such as one or more intermediate bodies (not shown) between or adjacentto the main body 130 and the second main body 130. Furthermore, othermain cavities 152 may be provided in example embodiments having one ormore head assemblies 110′, as illustrated in FIG. 2B.

In example embodiments, the second main body 150 may further compriseone or more instrument cavities (not shown). Such instrument cavities ofthe second main body 150 may be operable to enable instruments, such asinstrument 112 and/or other instruments (not shown), to move withrespect to the second main body 150, and/or enable cables (if any)and/or connections (if any) of such instruments to be accessible by theoperator/surgeon and/or connected to the controller 160 and/orcomputer-readable medium 162. For example, such instrument cavities ofthe second main body 150 may be operable to enable an instrument toperform a therapeutic/surgical procedure on a portion of an interiorwall forming the cavity of the patient that is between the first anchorassembly 120 and the second anchor assembly 140.

The second main body 150 may further comprise one or more irrigationcavities (not shown). Such irrigation cavity of the second main body 150may be operable to enable the movement of liquid and/or solids intoand/or out of the cavity of the patient. Such irrigation cavity of thesecond main body 150 may be connected to the irrigation cavity 114, 134and/or other irrigation cavities and/or openings (not shown).Furthermore, such irrigation cavity of the second main body 150 may alsobe connected to the irrigation subsystem 190 in example embodiments. Inan example embodiment, such irrigation cavity of the second main body150 may be operable to enable movement of liquid and/or solids intoand/or out of the cavity of the patient in an region that is between thefirst anchor assembly 120 and the second anchor assembly 140.

In example embodiments, the second main body 150 may further compriseone or more insufflation/suction cavities (not shown). Suchinsufflation/suction cavity of the second main body 150 may be operableto provide and/or remove a gas (i.e., provide a positive pressure and/ora negative pressure, respectively) for use in performing insufflation orsuction of the cavity of the patient. Such insufflation/suction cavityof the second main body 150 may or may not be connected to theinsufflation cavity 115, 135. Furthermore, such insufflation/suctioncavity of the second main body 150 may also be connected to theinsufflation subsystem 192, pressure control subsystem, and/or adifferent subsystem in example embodiments. In an example embodiment,such insufflation/suction cavity of the second main body 150 may beoperable to provide insufflation and/or suction in an region that isbetween the first anchor assembly 120 and the second anchor assembly140.

As illustrated in at least FIG. 3I, in example embodiments, the secondmain body 150 may further comprise one or more anchor cavities 154operable to configure, control, and/or assist in configuring and/orcontrolling the second anchor assembly 140. The anchor cavity 154 may beoperable to provide a gas, liquid, and/or solid, and/or combinationthereof, for use in expanding (such as expanding radially from the mainbody 130) one or more of the third expandable member 142 and the fourthexpandable member 144. The anchor cavity 154 may be connected to one ormore of the third expandable member 142 and the fourth expandable member144. The anchor cavity 154 may also be connected to an expansion sourcesubsystem 194 in example embodiments. The second anchor assembly 140will be further described below.

As illustrated in at least FIG. 3H, in example embodiments, the secondmain body 150 may further comprise one or more suction cavities 157. Thesuction cavity 157 may be operable to provide a negative pressure (orperform a removal of gas). For example, the suction cavity 157 may beoperable to apply a negative pressure to a region between the thirdexpandable member 142 (when expanded), the fourth expandable member 144(when expanded), the interior wall forming the cavity of the patient102, and the second main body 150. The suction cavity 157 may beconnected to the suction opening 146. The suction cavity 157 may also beconnected to the pressure control subsystem 170 in example embodiments.The suction opening 146 will be further described below.

It is to be understood in the present disclosure that the second mainbody 150, including one or more of the instrument cavities (not shown),movement control cavities 153, irrigation cavity (not shown), irrigationsubsystem 190, insufflation/suction cavity (not shown), insufflationsubsystem 192, anchor cavities 154, expansion source subsystem 194,suction cavities 157, and pressure control subsystem 170 may be providedin a configuration that is the same as, similar to, based on, ordifferent from that illustrated in the example embodiment of FIG. 3Iwithout departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.Furthermore, one or more of the instrument cavities (not shown),movement control cavities 153, irrigation cavity (not shown), irrigationsubsystem 190, insufflation/suction cavity (not shown), insufflationsubsystem 192, anchor cavities 154, expansion source subsystem 194,suction cavities 157, and pressure control subsystem 170 may beprovided, or not provided, in the second main body 150 without departingfrom the teachings of the present disclosure.

The second main body 150, and cross-section thereof, may be formed inany one of a plurality of shapes, sizes, and/or dimensions. For example,the second main body 150 may be an elongated cylindrical body, asillustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3. A cross sectional shape of the second mainbody 150 may also be one or more of a rectangle, square, pentagon,hexagon, etc., or combination of one or more geometric shapes, withoutdeparting from the teachings of the present disclosure.

In an example embodiment wherein the cross-sectional shape of the secondmain body 150 is cylindrical in shape with a circular cross-section, anouter diameter of the second main body 150 may be between about 6 to 35mm. The length of the second main body 150 may be expanded/contractedbetween about 50 to 200 cm. It is to be understood in the presentdisclosure that the above dimensions are merely an illustration ofexample embodiments, and as such the dimensions may be smaller or largerthan those recited above without departing from the teachings of thepresent disclosure.

The second main body 150 may be formed using any one or more of aplurality of materials, such as surgical-grade plastics, rubbers, etc.It is to be understood in the present disclosure that other materialsmay also be used without departing from the teachings of the presentdisclosure. It is to be understood in the present disclosure that theabove materials are merely an illustration of example embodiments, andthese and other materials and compositions may be used without departingfrom the teachings of the present disclosure.

The Second Anchor Assembly (e.g., Second Anchor Assembly 140)

A perspective view of an example embodiment of an expanded second anchorassembly 140 (e.g., second anchor assembly 140 expanded radially fromthe second main body 150) is illustrated in at least FIG. 1; a side viewof an example embodiment of an expanded second anchor assembly 140(e.g., second anchor assembly 140 expanded radially from the second mainbody 150) is illustrated in at least FIGS. 2B-C, FIG. 3A, FIGS. 3D-E,and FIG. 3G; and a side view of an example embodiment of an un-expandedsecond anchor assembly 140 (e.g., second anchor assembly 140 notexpanded radially from the second main body 150) is illustrated in atleast FIGS. 3B-C. The second anchor assembly 140 may be attachable tothe second main body 150. During diagnostic and/or therapeutic/surgicalprocedures, the second anchor assembly 140 may be fixedly attached tothe second main body 150 near the first end 150 a of the second mainbody 150.

The second anchor assembly 140 may be configurable to perform, amongother things, a securing of a position and/or location of the secondmain body 150. In an example embodiment, when the endoscopic system 100is inserted into the cavity of the patient, as illustrated in at leastFIG. 2C, FIGS. 3D-E, and FIG. 3G, the second anchor assembly 140 may beconfigurable to secure the second main body 150 with respect to theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient. The second anchorassembly 140 may secure the second main body 150 with respect to theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient in one or more of aplurality of ways. In an example embodiment, one or more expandablemembers 142, 144 may be expanded to contact the interior walls formingthe cavity of the patient. The second anchor assembly 140 may alsosecure the second main body 150 with respect to the interior wallforming the cavity of the patient by applying a negative pressure viaone or more second suction openings 146. The second anchor assembly 140may also secure the second main body 150 with respect to the interiorwall forming the cavity of the patient via one or more surface patterns,roughness, protrusions, and/or the like formed on a surface, orportion(s) thereof, of one or more expandable members 142, 144. Thesecond anchor assembly 140 may also secure the second main body 150 withrespect to the interior wall forming the cavity of the patient using amagnetic element and corresponding external magnetic element providedoutside of the patient. The securing, by the second anchor assembly 140,of the second main body 150 with respect to the interior wall formingthe cavity of the patient will now be further described below.

The second anchor assembly 140 may comprise one or more expandablemembers 142, 144. During diagnostic and/or therapeutic/surgicalprocedures, the one or more expandable members 142, 144 may be fixedlyattached to the second main body 150 near the first end 150 a of thesecond main body 150. In an example embodiment, the second anchorassembly 140 may comprise third expandable member 142. As used in thepresent disclosure, the third expandable member 142 may also be referredto as the expandable member 142, third balloon 142, and/or the like. Thesecond anchor assembly 140 may further comprise fourth expandable member144. The fourth expandable member 144 may be provided between the thirdexpandable member 142 and the first end 150 a of the second main body150. As used in the present disclosure, the fourth expandable member 144may also be referred to as the expandable member 144, fourth balloon144, and/or the like. It is to be understood in the present disclosurethat the second anchor assembly 140 may comprise other quantities ofexpandable members, such as one or more additional expandable members,without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

Each expandable member 142, 144 may be configurable to change itsvolume/size to be a minimum volume/size, a maximum volume/size, and avolume/size between the minimum and maximum volumes/sizes. For example,each expandable member 142, 144 may be configurable to expand radiallyaway from the second main body 150.

In an example embodiment, each expandable member 142, 144 may be ahollow member resembling a balloon, or the like. In this regard, eachexpandable member 142, 144 may be operable to expand (i.e., secure thesecond main body 150) by receiving a gas (or positive pressure), liquid,solid, and/or combination thereof. The expanding of the expandablemember 142, 144 may occur partially, substantially, or completely in adirection away from the second main body 150 (i.e., radially away fromthe second main body 150). Furthermore, each expandable member 142, 144may be operable to reduce in size (or contract or un-secure the mainbody 130) by removing the gas (or removing the positive pressure orapplying a negative pressure), liquid, solid, and/or combinationthereof, received in the expandable member 142, 144. To secure thesecond main body 150 with respect to the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient, the one or more expandable members 142, 144 maybe expanded to contact the interior wall forming the cavity of thepatient. It is recognized in the present disclosure that the expandingand contacting of the one or more expandable members 142, 144 with theinterior wall forming the cavity, such as the colonic lumen, of thepatient may provide for a sufficient securing or anchoring of the secondmain body 150 so as to withstand a force of at least 0.1 to 20 N.

One or more of the expandable members 142, 144 may comprise one or moresurface patterns, roughness, protrusions, and/or the like formed on asurface, or portion(s) thereof, of the one or more expandable members142, 144. During diagnostic and/or therapeutic/surgical procedureswherein a securing or anchoring of the second main body 150 with respectto the interior wall forming the cavity of the patient is desired orrequired, such surface patterns, roughness, protrusions, and/or the likeformed on the surface of one or more expandable members 142, 144 thatare in contact with the interior wall forming the cavity of the patientmay further improve the securing or anchoring of the second main body150. For example, the surface pattern, roughness, protrusions, and/orthe like may provide, or contribute in providing, resistance of amovement of one or more of the expandable members 142, 144 contactingthe interior wall forming the cavity of the patient with respect to theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient. It is recognized in thepresent disclosure that such securing or anchoring of the second mainbody 150 may be operable to withstand a force of at least 0.10 to 30 N.

It is to be understood in the present disclosure that the second anchorassembly 140, including one or more of the third and fourth expandablemembers 142, 144, may or may not be a hollow member resembling aballoon, tire, or the like. For example, one or more of the third andfourth expandable members 142, 144 may only be partially hollow. Asanother example, one or more of the third and fourth expandable members142, 144 may be formed partially, substantially, and/or entirely of anexpandable solid and/or liquid. In this regard, the properties of suchmaterial forming one or more of the third and fourth expandable members142, 144 may be selectively configured to change, such as change involume (expand and/or contract), stiffen, become more flexible, changefrom gas to liquid phase (and vice versa), change from liquid to solidphase (and vice versa), change from gas to solid phase (and vice versa),change in pressure, change in temperature, change in shape, change insize, change in tensile strength, etc. To effect one or more suchchanges, such material forming one or more of the third and fourthexpandable members 142, 144 may be a material (or combination ofmaterials) selected in such a way that an introduction, application,change, and/or removal of an application, each as applicable, of anelectric current, voltage potential, resistance, pressure, temperature,magnetic field, and/or the like, causes one or more of theabove-mentioned changes in properties. For example, such material may bea memory-shaped metal, other material, spring-based or spring-likematerial, or the like.

In some example embodiments, the second anchor assembly 140 may compriseone or more expandable members that expand radially away from the secondmain body 150 and in other directions, such as the example illustratedin FIG. 4B. In other example embodiments, such as the exampleillustrated in FIG. 4A, the second anchor assembly 140 may comprise anintegrated third and fourth expandable members 142, 144, or the like. Inother example embodiments, such as the example illustrated in FIG. 4C,the second anchor assembly 140 may comprise a magnetic element 146′, orthe like, operable to secure to a corresponding magnetic elementprovided outside of the patient.

The second anchor assembly 140 may further comprise one or more secondsuction openings 146. As used in the present disclosure, the secondsuction opening 146 may also be referred to as the suction opening 146.The second suction opening 146 may be formed in one or more of aplurality of shapes and provided in one or more quantities. FIG. 4Dillustrates example embodiments of the one or more second suctionopenings 146. During diagnostic and/or therapeutic/surgical procedureswherein a securing or anchoring of the second main body 150 with respectto the interior wall forming the cavity of the patient is desired orrequired, the one or more second suction openings 146 may furtherimprove the securing or anchoring of the second main body 150. Forexample, the second suction opening 146 may be operable to apply anegative pressure to a region between the third expandable member 142(when expanded), the fourth expandable member 144 (when expanded), theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient 104 (as illustrated inat least FIG. 3E), and the second main body 150. In example embodiments,the second suction opening 146 may be configurable to apply a negativepressure and vary the applied negative pressure between about −10 kPa tovacuum. It is recognized in the present disclosure that such securing oranchoring of the second main body 150 with the use of the expanded thirdand fourth expandable members 142, 144 and the one or more secondsuction openings 146 may provide improved securing or anchoring, and maybe operable to withstand a force of at least 0.1 to 40 N.

In example embodiments, the applying of the negative pressure by thesecond suction opening 146 (i.e., the suctioning or removal of gas fromthe region between the third expandable member 142 (when expanded), thefourth expandable member 144 (when expanded), the interior wall formingthe cavity of the patient 104, and the second main body 150) may beperformed prior to, at the same time as (or correspond with), and/orafter the expansion of the expandable members 142, 144. Furthermore, inexample embodiments, the applying of the negative pressure by the secondsuction opening 146 (i.e., the suctioning or removal of gas from theregion between the third expandable member 142 (when expanded), thefourth expandable member 144 (when expanded), the interior wall formingthe cavity of the patient 104, and the second main body 150) may beoperable to provide, or contribute in providing, the expanding of one ormore of the expandable members 142, 144. For example, as the gas in theregion between the third expandable member 142 (when expanded), thefourth expandable member 144 (when expanded), the interior wall formingthe cavity of the patient 104, and the second main body 150 is beingsuctioned or removed, the said suctioned or removed gas may be providedinto one or more of the expandable members 142, 144. In such an example,a filter, or the like, may be provided to remove unwanted particles,fluid, and/or gas from entering and/or exiting the expandable members142, 144.

It is to be understood in the present disclosure that, in exampleembodiments wherein the second anchor assembly 140 comprises more thantwo expandable members, the second suction openings 146 may be providedbetween some or all of the expandable members. For example, if thesecond anchor assembly 140 comprises three expandable members, thensecond suction openings 146 may be provided between each of the threeexpandable members.

Each expandable member 142, 144, and cross-section thereof, may beformed in any one of a plurality of shapes, sizes, and/or dimensions.For example, the expandable members 142, 144 may resemble a tablet ordonut shape with a circular cross-section. A cross sectional shape ofthe expandable members 142, 144 may also be one or more of a rectangle,square, pentagon, hexagon, etc., or combination of one or more geometricshapes, without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

In an example embodiment wherein the cross-sectional shape of theexpandable members 142, 144 is circular, an outer diameter of theexpandable members 142, 144 may be between about 5 to 100 mm. Thedistance that the expandable members 142, 144 may be expanded radiallyaway from and contracted towards the second main body 150 may be betweenabout 0.05 to 50 mm. It is to be understood in the present disclosurethat the above dimensions are merely an illustration of exampleembodiments, and as such the dimensions may be smaller or larger thanthose recited above without departing from the teachings of the presentdisclosure.

The expandable members 142, 144 may be formed using any one or more of aplurality of materials, such as surgical-grade plastics, rubbers, etc.It is to be understood in the present disclosure that the materialforming the surface pattern, roughness, and/or protrusion of the surfaceof the expandable members 142, 144 may be the same as, or differentfrom, the material of the rest of the expandable member 142, 144. It isto be understood in the present disclosure that other materials may alsobe used without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.It is to be understood in the present disclosure that the abovematerials are merely an illustration of example embodiments, and theseand other materials and compositions may be used without departing fromthe teachings of the present disclosure.

The Controller (e.g., Controller 160)

As illustrated in at least FIG. 6, FIG. 7A, and FIG. 7B, an exampleembodiment of the endoscopic device 100 may include a controller system(e.g., controller 160). The controller 160 may be provided andconfigured in one or more of a plurality of ways. For example, thecontroller 160 may be housed, in whole or in part, in one or moreportions of the endoscopic system 100, such as the head assembly 110,main body 130, and/or second main body 150, and/or provided at secondend 150 b. The controller 160 may comprise logic stored innon-transitory computer readable medium which, when executed by aprocessor associated or in communication with the controller 160, may beoperable to perform one or more actions, operations, configurations,and/or communications (such as monitoring and/or controlling) with oneor more elements of the endoscopic device 100. The controller 160 mayalso be operable to, wirelessly or via wires, receive commands and/orinteractions from an operator (such as a surgeon) and respond byperforming said one or more actions, operations, configurations, and/orcommunications with one or more elements of the endoscopic device 100.

The controller 160 may be any apparatus, device, processor, or the like,or combination thereof, operable to communicate (including monitorand/or control), wirelessly or via wires, with one or more elements ofendoscopic system 100 including, but not limited to, the head assembly110, first end portion 110 a, second end portion 110 b, image capturingassembly 111, instrument assembly 112, movement control cavity 113,irrigation cavity 114, insufflation cavity 115, first anchor assembly120, second expandable member 122, first expandable member 124, firstsuction opening 126, main body 130, first end 130 a, second end 130 b,movement control cavity 133, irrigation cavity 134, insufflation cavity135, anchor cavities 136, suction cavity 137, second anchor assembly140, fourth expandable member 142, third expandable member 144, secondsuction opening 146, second main body 150, first end 150 a, second end150 b, main cavity 152, movement control cavity 153, anchor cavities154, suction cavity 157, pressure control subsystem 170, power source180, irrigation subsystem 190, insufflation subsystem 192, expansionsource subsystem 194, and/or other processors, computing devices, and/orcontrollers (not shown).

As illustrated in FIGS. 6, 7A, and 7B, an example embodiment of thecontroller 160 may comprise a first controller (e.g., main bodycontroller) 160 a for use in performing one or more actions, operations,configurations, and/or communications with those elements of and/orassociated with the first main body 130 and a second controller (e.g.,second main body controller) 160 b for use in performing one or moreactions, operations, configurations, and/or communications with thoseelements of and/or associated with the second main body 150. Althoughthe figures may illustrate the controller 160 comprising firstcontroller 160 a and second controller 160 b, it is to be understood inthe present disclosure that the controller 160 may comprise more or lesssubsystems without departing from the teachings of the presentdisclosure. It is also to be understood in the present disclosure thatthe actions, operations, configurations, and/or communications of thefirst controller 160 a need not be limited to only those elements ofand/or associated with the first main body 130. For example, the firstcontroller 160 a may also be for use in performing actions, operations,configurations, and/or communications with elements of and/or associatedwith the second main body 150 in example embodiments. Likewise, it is tobe understood in the present disclosure that the actions, operations,configurations, and/or communications of the second controller 160 aneed not be limited to only those elements of and/or associated with thesecond main body 150. For example, the second controller 160 b may alsobe for use in performing actions, operations, configurations, and/orcommunications with elements of and/or associated with the first mainbody 130 in example embodiments.

The First Controller (e.g., First Controller 160 a)

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may be operable tocontrol, either through automatic control by a processor and/or manualcontrol by an operator, a forward movement of the first main body 130.For example, the first controller 160 a and/or an element (e.g., 161 a)associated with the first controller 160 a (such as a button, joystick,thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control, accelerometer,haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements such as an externalbody, gripping portion, etc. of the first controller 160 a) may beinteracted with so as to advance the first main body 130 forwardrelative to (or away from) the second controller 160 b (and/or secondmain body 150 and/or external body, gripping portion, etc. of the secondcontroller 160 b). In this regard, the second controller 160 b (and/orsecond main body 150 and/or external body, gripping portion, etc. of thesecond controller 160 b) may be secured and/or anchored in place (suchas via second anchor assembly 140, an anchoring tool (not shown), and/oran operator) relative to the patient (and/or surgical bed) so as toenable the first main body 130 to be advanced inward/forward.

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, a backward movement of the firstmain body 130. For example, the first controller 160 a and/or an element(e.g., 161 a) associated with the first controller 160 a (such as abutton, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the first controller 160a) may be interacted with so as to move the first main body 130 towardsthe second main body 150. In this regard, the second controller 160 b(and/or second main body 150 and/or external body, gripping portion,etc. of the second controller 160 b) may be secured and/or anchored inplace (such as via second anchor assembly 140, an anchoring tool (notshown), and/or an operator) relative to the patient (and/or surgicalbed).

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, an actuating (such as a bending,straightening, turning, pivoting, twisting, moving, etc.) of the firstmain body 130 (such as a bending, straightening, turning, pivoting,twisting, moving, etc. of the first end portion 130 a) in one or more ofa plurality of directions. For example, the first controller 160 aand/or an element (e.g., 161 a) associated with the first controller 160a (such as a button, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control,voice control, accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physicalelements such as an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the firstcontroller 160 a) may be controlled by an operator so as to enable thefirst main body 130 to actuate as desired by the operator. In thisregard, the pressure control subsystem 170, expansion source subsystem194, and/or the like, associated with or connected to the one or moremovement control cavities 133 of the first main body 130, as describedabove and in the present disclosure, may be controllable by the firstcontroller 160 a and/or an element (e.g., 161 a) associated with thefirst controller 160 a (such as buttons, joysticks, thumbsticks,touchpad, or the like of the first controller 160 a) so as to enable thefirst main body 130 to actuate as desired.

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, an expanding and/or contracting ofthe first anchor assembly 120. For example, the first controller 160 aand/or an element (e.g., 165 a) associated with the first controller 160a (such as a button, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control,voice control, accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physicalelements such as an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the firstcontroller 160 a) may be controlled by an operator so as to enable thefirst anchor assembly 120 to expand and/or contract as desired by theoperator. In this regard, expansion source subsystem 194, and/or thelike, associated with or connected to the first anchor assembly 120 ofthe first main body 130, as described above and in the presentdisclosure, may be controllable by the first controller 160 a and/or anelement (e.g., 165 a) associated with the first controller 160 a (suchas a button, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voicecontrol, accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physicalelements such as an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the firstcontroller 160 a) so as to enable the first anchor assembly 120 toexpand and/or contract as desired.

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, an expanding and/or contracting ofone or more of the second expandable member 122 and first expandablemember 124. For example, the first controller 160 a and/or an element(e.g., 165 a) associated with the first controller 160 a (such as abutton, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the first controller 160a) may be controlled by an operator so as to enable one or more of thesecond expandable member 122 and first expandable member 124 to expandand/or contract as desired by the operator. In this regard, expansionsource subsystem 194, and/or the like, associated with or connected toone or more of the second expandable member 122 and first expandablemember 124, as described above and in the present disclosure, may becontrollable by the first controller 160 a and/or an element (e.g., 165a) associated with the first controller 160 a (such as a button,joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the first controller 160a) so as to enable one or more of the second expandable member 122 andfirst expandable member 124 to expand and/or contract as desired.

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, an applying and/or not applying ofa suctioning (or applying negative pressure) via first suctionopening(s) 126. For example, the first controller 160 a and/or anelement (e.g., 166 a) associated with the first controller 160 a (suchas a button, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voicecontrol, accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physicalelements such as an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the firstcontroller 160 a) may be controlled by an operator so as to enable thefirst suction opening(s) 126 to apply a suction (or negative pressure)and/or not apply a suction (no pressure or positive pressure) as desiredby the operator. In this regard, pressure control subsystem 170, and/orthe like, associated with or connected to the first suction opening(s)126 of the first main body 130, as described above and in the presentdisclosure, may be controllable by the first controller 160 a and/or anelement (e.g., 166 a) associated with the first controller 160 a (suchas a button, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voicecontrol, accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physicalelements such as an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the firstcontroller 160 a) so as to enable the first suction opening(s) 126 toapply and/or not apply suction as desired. It is to be understood in thepresent disclosure that the first controller 160 a may be operable tocontrol the expanding and contracting of the first anchor assembly 120(and/or each of the first and second expandable members 124, 122) at thesame time as the applying and not applying of the suctioning by thefirst suction opening(s) 126, respectively (e.g., using a singlecontrol, interaction, action, and/or command to perform both). Forexample, when the first anchor assembly 120 is controlled to expand, thefirst suction opening(s) 126 may be controlled to apply a suction.Similarly, when the first anchor assembly 120 is controlled to contract,the first suction opening(s) 126 may be controlled to not apply asuction.

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, a forward movement of the headassembly 110. For example, the first controller 160 a and/or an element(e.g., 163 a) associated with the first controller 160 a (such as abutton, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the first controller 160a) may be interacted with so as to advance the head assembly 110 forwardrelative to the first main body 130. In this regard, the first main body130 may be secured and/or anchored in place (such as via first anchorassembly 120, second anchor assembly 140, an anchoring tool (not shown),and/or an operator) relative to the patient (and/or surgical bed) so asto enable the head assembly 110 to be advanced forward.

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, a backward movement of the headassembly 110. For example, the first controller 160 a and/or an element(e.g., 163 a) associated with the first controller 160 a (such as abutton, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the first controller 160a) may be interacted with so as to move the head assembly 110 backwardly(i.e., towards the first main body 130). In this regard, the first mainbody 130 may be secured and/or anchored in place (such as via firstanchor assembly 120, second anchor assembly 140, an anchoring tool (notshown), and/or an operator) relative to the patient (and/or surgicalbed) so as to enable the head assembly 110 to be pulled backwardly(i.e., towards the first main body 130).

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, an actuating (such as a bending,straightening, turning, pivoting, twisting, moving, etc.) of the headassembly 110 (such as a bending, straightening, turning, pivoting,twisting, moving, etc. of the second end portion 110 b) in one or moreof a plurality of directions. For example, the first controller 160 aand/or an element (e.g., 163 a) associated with the first controller 160a (such as a button, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control,voice control, accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physicalelements such as an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the firstcontroller 160 a) may be controlled by an operator so as to enable thehead assembly 110 to actuate as desired by the operator. In this regard,the pressure control subsystem 170, expansion source subsystem 194,and/or the like, associated with or connected to the one or moremovement control cavities 113 of the head assembly 110, as describedabove and in the present disclosure, may be controllable by the firstcontroller 160 a and/or an element (e.g., 163 a) associated with thefirst controller 160 a (such as a button, joystick, thumbstick,touchpad, motion control, voice control, accelerometer, haptic feedback,or the like, or physical elements such as an external body, grippingportion, etc. of the first controller 160 a) so as to enable the headassembly 110 to actuate as desired.

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, a forward movement of theinstrument assembly 112. For example, the first controller 160 a and/oran element (e.g., 164 a) associated with the first controller 160 a(such as a button, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voicecontrol, accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physicalelements such as an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the firstcontroller 160 a) may be interacted with so as to advance the instrumentassembly 112 away from the head assembly 110 (such as via the instrumentcavity 131). In this regard, the head assembly 110 may be secured and/oranchored in place (such as via first anchor assembly 120, second anchorassembly 140, an anchoring tool (not shown), and/or an operator)relative to the patient (and/or surgical bed) so as to enable theinstrument assembly 112 to be advanced forward.

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, a backward movement of theinstrument assembly 112. For example, the first controller 160 a and/oran element (e.g., 164 a) associated with the first controller 160 a(such as a button, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voicecontrol, accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physicalelements such as an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the firstcontroller 160 a) may be interacted with so as to move the instrumentassembly 112 (i.e., towards the head assembly 110). In this regard, thehead assembly 110 may be secured and/or anchored in place (such as viafirst anchor assembly 120, second anchor assembly 140, an anchoring tool(not shown), and/or an operator) relative to the patient (and/orsurgical bed) so as to enable the instrument assembly 112 to be pulledbackwardly (i.e., towards the head assembly 110).

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, an operating the instrumentassembly 112 (such as performing a cutting and/or gripping action whenin operation). For example, the first controller 160 a and/or an element(e.g., 164 a) associated with the first controller 160 a (such as abutton, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the first controller 160a) may be interacted with so as to perform an action (such as a cutting,gripping, etc.) using the instrument assembly 112 (such as via theinstrument cavity 131).

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, a recording, image capturing,zooming, and/or panning operations of the image capturing assembly 111.For example, the first controller 160 a and/or an element (e.g., 169 a)associated with the first controller 160 a (such as a button, joystick,thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control, accelerometer,haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements such as an externalbody, gripping portion, etc. of the first controller 160 a) may beinteracted with so as to perform an action (such as a recording, imagecapturing, zooming, panning, illuminating, etc.) using the imagecapturing assembly 111 via the image capturing cavity 131.

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may also beoperable to control, either through automatic control by a processorand/or manual control by an operator, an enabling movement of solidsand/or liquids by the irrigation cavity 134. For example, the firstcontroller 160 a and/or an element (e.g., 168 a) associated with thefirst controller 160 a (such as a button, joystick, thumbstick,touchpad, motion control, voice control, accelerometer, haptic feedback,or the like, or physical elements such as an external body, grippingportion, etc. of the first controller 160 a) may be interacted with soas to enable a movement of solids and/or liquids using the irrigationcavity 134 via the irrigation cavity 114 and irrigation system 190.

In an example embodiment, the first controller 160 a may be operable tocontrol, either through automatic control by a processor and/or manualcontrol by an operator, an enabling insufflation by the insufflationcavity 135. For example, the first controller 160 a and/or an element(e.g., 167 a) associated with the first controller 160 a (such as abutton, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the first controller 160a) may be interacted with so as to enable an insufflation of a cavity ofthe patient using the insufflation cavity 135 via the insufflationcavity 115 and insufflation system 192.

The Second Controller (e.g., Second Controller 160 b)

In respect to the second controller 160 b, in an example embodiment, thesecond controller 160 b may be operable to control, either throughautomatic control by a processor and/or manual control by an operator, aforward movement of the second main body 150. For example, the secondcontroller 160 b and/or an element (e.g., 161 b) associated with thesecond controller 160 b (such as a button, joystick, thumbstick,touchpad, motion control, voice control, accelerometer, haptic feedback,or the like, or physical elements such as an external body, grippingportion, etc. of the second controller 160 b) may be interacted with soas to advance the second main body 150 forward relative to (or towards)the first controller 160 a (and/or first main body 130 and/or externalbody, gripping portion, etc. of the first controller 160 a). In thisregard, the first controller 160 a (and/or first main body 130 and/orexternal body, gripping portion, etc. of the first controller 160 a) maybe secured and/or anchored in place (such as via first anchor assembly120, an anchoring tool (not shown), and/or an operator) relative to thepatient (and/or surgical bed) so as to enable the second main body 150to be advanced inward/forward.

In an example embodiment, the second controller 160 b may be operable tocontrol, either through automatic control by a processor and/or manualcontrol by an operator, a backward movement of the second main body 150.For example, the second controller 160 b and/or an element (e.g., 161 b)associated with the second controller 160 b (such as a button, joystick,thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control, accelerometer,haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements such as an externalbody, gripping portion, etc. of the second controller 160 b) may beinteracted with so as to move the second main body 150 away from thefirst main body 130. In this regard, the first controller 160 a (and/orfirst main body 130 and/or external body, gripping portion, etc. of thefirst controller 160 a) may be secured and/or anchored in place (such asvia first anchor assembly 120, an anchoring tool (not shown), and/or anoperator) relative to the patient (and/or surgical bed).

In an example embodiment, the second controller 160 b may be operable tocontrol, either through automatic control by a processor and/or manualcontrol by an operator, an actuating (such as a bending, straightening,turning, pivoting, twisting, moving, etc.) of the second main body 150(such as a bending, straightening, turning, pivoting, twisting, moving,etc. of the first end portion 150 a) in one or more of a plurality ofdirections. For example, the second controller 160 b and/or an element(e.g., 161 b) associated with the second controller 160 b (such as abutton, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the second controller 160b) may be controlled by an operator so as to enable the second main body150 to actuate as desired by the operator. In this regard, the pressurecontrol subsystem 170, expansion source subsystem 194, and/or the like,associated with or connected to the one or more movement controlcavities 153 of the second main body 150, as described above and in thepresent disclosure, may be controllable by the second controller 160 band/or an element (e.g., 161 b) associated with the second controller160 b (such as a button, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control,voice control, accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physicalelements such as an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the secondcontroller 160 b) so as to enable the second main body 150 to actuate asdesired.

In an example embodiment, the second controller 160 b may be operable tocontrol, either through automatic control by a processor and/or manualcontrol by an operator, an expanding and/or contracting of the secondanchor assembly 140. For example, the second controller 160 b and/or anelement (e.g., 165 b) associated with the second controller 160 b (suchas a button, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voicecontrol, accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physicalelements such as an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the secondcontroller 160 b) may be controlled by an operator so as to enable thesecond anchor assembly 140 to expand and/or contract as desired by theoperator. In this regard, expansion source subsystem 194, and/or thelike, associated with or connected to the second anchor assembly 140 ofthe second main body 150, as described above and in the presentdisclosure, may be controllable by the second controller 160 b and/or anelement (e.g., 165 b) associated with the second controller 160 b (suchas a button, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voicecontrol, accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physicalelements such as an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the secondcontroller 160 b) so as to enable the second anchor assembly 140 toexpand and/or contract as desired.

In an example embodiment, the second controller 160 b may be operable tocontrol, either through automatic control by a processor and/or manualcontrol by an operator, an expanding and/or contracting of one or moreof the fourth expandable member 142 and third expandable member 144. Forexample, the second controller 160 b and/or an element (e.g., 165 b)associated with the second controller 160 b (such as a button, joystick,thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control, accelerometer,haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements such as an externalbody, gripping portion, etc. of the second controller 160 b) may becontrolled by an operator so as to enable one or more of the fourthexpandable member 142 and third expandable member 144 to expand and/orcontract as desired by the operator. In this regard, expansion sourcesubsystem 194, and/or the like, associated with or connected to one ormore of the fourth expandable member 142 and third expandable member144, as described above and in the present disclosure, may becontrollable by the second controller 160 b and/or an element (e.g., 165b) associated with the second controller 160 b (such as a button,joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the second controller 160b) so as to enable one or more of the fourth expandable member 142 andthird expandable member 144 to expand and/or contract as desired.

In an example embodiment, the second controller 160 b may be operable tocontrol, either through automatic control by a processor and/or manualcontrol by an operator, an applying or not applying of a suctioning (orapplying negative pressure) via second suction opening(s) 146. Forexample, the second controller 160 b and/or an element (e.g., 166 b)associated with the second controller 160 b (such as a button, joystick,thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control, accelerometer,haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements such as an externalbody, gripping portion, etc. of the second controller 160 b) may becontrolled by an operator so as to enable the second suction opening(s)146 to apply a suction (or negative pressure) and/or not apply a suction(no pressure or positive pressure) as desired by the operator. In thisregard, pressure control subsystem 170, and/or the like, associated withor connected to the second suction opening(s) 146 of the second mainbody 150, as described above and in the present disclosure, may becontrollable by the second controller 160 b and/or an element (e.g., 166b) associated with the second controller 160 b (such as a button,joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the second controller 160b) so as to enable the second suction opening(s) 146 to apply and/or notapply suction as desired. It is to be understood in the presentdisclosure that the second controller 160 b may be operable to controlthe expanding and contracting of the second anchor assembly 140 (and/oreach of the third and fourth expandable members 144, 142) at the sametime as the applying and not applying of the suctioning by the secondsuction opening(s) 146, respectively (e.g., using a single control,interaction, action, and/or command to perform both). For example, whenthe second anchor assembly 140 is controlled to expand, the secondsuction opening(s) 146 may be controlled to apply a suction. Similarly,when the second anchor assembly 140 is controlled to contract, thesecond suction opening(s) 146 may be controlled to not apply a suction.

In embodiments wherein a second instrument assembly 110′ (as illustratedin FIG. 2B) is provided, the second controller 160 b and/or an element(not shown) associated with the second controller 160 b (such as abutton, joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the second controller 160b) may be operable to perform one or more actions, operations,configurations, and/or communications with or using the secondinstrument assembly 110′ in a similar or substantially the same manneras described above for the instrument assembly 110. In embodimentswherein a second image capturing assembly (not shown) for capturingimages between the first and second anchor assemblies 120 and 140 isprovided, the second controller 160 b and/or an element (not shown)associated with the second controller 160 b (such as a button, joystick,thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control, accelerometer,haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements such as an externalbody, gripping portion, etc. of the second controller 160 b) may also beoperable to perform one or more actions, operations, configurations,and/or communications with or using the second image capturing assemblyin a similar or substantially the same manner as described above for theimage capturing assembly 111. In embodiments wherein a second irrigationcavity (not shown) for enabling movement of solids and/or liquidsbetween the area between the first and second anchor assemblies 120 and140 is provided, the second controller 160 b and/or an element (notshown) associated with the second controller 160 b (such as a button,joystick, thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control,accelerometer, haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements suchas an external body, gripping portion, etc. of the second controller 160b) may also be operable to perform one or more actions, operations,configurations, and/or communications with or using the secondirrigation cavity in a similar or substantially the same manner asdescribed above for the irrigation cavity 134. In embodiments wherein asecond insufflation cavity (not shown) for providing insufflation to thearea between the first and second anchor assemblies 120 and 140 isprovided, the second controller 160 b and/or an element (not shown)associated with the second controller 160 b (such as a button, joystick,thumbstick, touchpad, motion control, voice control, accelerometer,haptic feedback, or the like, or physical elements such as an externalbody, gripping portion, etc. of the second controller 160 b) may beoperable to perform one or more actions, operations, configurations,and/or communications with or using the second insufflation cavity in asimilar or substantially the same manner as described above for theinsufflation cavity 135.

Method of Configuring the Endoscopic Device (e.g., Method 500)

Example embodiments of the endoscopic device 100 may be configurable toperform diagnostic and/or therapeutic/surgical actions and/or proceduresin one of a plurality of ways. In an example embodiment, as illustratedin FIG. 5, a method 500 of performing and/or configuring a endoscopicsystem 100 to perform a diagnostic and/or therapeutic/surgical actionand/or procedure in a cavity of a patient may comprise one or more ofthe actions described below. The one or more actions may be performedusing an example embodiment of controller 160, first controller 160 a,and/or second controller 160 b.

In an example embodiment, the method 500 may comprise providing anendoscopic system (e.g., action 502). The endoscopic device provided mayinclude one or more elements of the endoscopic device 100 describedabove and in the present disclosure. In an example embodiment, theprovided endoscopic device may comprise a first main body. The firstmain body may be an elongated body having a first end. The providedendoscopic device may further comprise a second main body. The secondmain body may have a first end and a main cavity. The main cavity mayhouse at least a portion of the first main body. The first main body andsecond main body may be slidable with respect to each other. Theprovided endoscopic device may further comprise an anchor assemblyattached to the first main body near the first end of the first mainbody. The anchor assembly may comprise a first expandable member. Thefirst expandable member may be configurable to expand radially away fromthe first main body. The anchor assembly may further comprise a secondexpandable member provided between the first expandable member and thefirst end of the first main body. The second expandable member may beconfigurable to expand radially away from the first main body. Theprovided endoscopic device may further comprise a second anchor assemblyattached to the second main body near the first end of the second mainbody. The second anchor assembly may comprise a third expandable member.The third expandable member may be configurable to expand radially awayfrom the second main body. The second anchor assembly may furthercomprise a fourth expandable member provided between the thirdexpandable member and the first end of the second main body. The fourthexpandable member may be configurable to expand radially away from thesecond main body. The provided endoscopic device may further comprise ahead assembly. The head assembly may comprise a first end portion and asecond end portion opposite to the first end portion. The first endportion may be attachable to the first end of the first main body. Thesecond end portion may be selectively configurable to actuate in aplurality of directions with respect to the first end portion. The headassembly may further comprise an image capturing assembly provided inthe second end portion. The image capturing assembly may be configurableto capture an image. The head assembly may further comprise aninstrument section provided in the second end portion. The instrumentsection may be configurable to provide an instrument. The instrument maycomprise at least two degrees of freedom of movement for performing anin vivo procedure in the cavity of the patient. The endoscopic systemmay further comprise a controller.

The method 500 may further comprise advancing a head assembly of theendoscopic system through the cavity of the patient (e.g., action 504).In this regard, the first end portion of the head assembly may befixedly attached to the first end of the first main body. Furthermore,at least a portion of the first main body may be housed in the maincavity of the second main body. The head assembly may be advanced viathe controller, such as the first controller described above and in thepresent disclosure.

The method 500 may further comprise identifying, via an image capturedby an image capturing assembly of the endoscopic system, a direction ofthe cavity of the patient (e.g., action 506). For example, asillustrated in FIG. 3D, the image captured by the image capturingassembly may identify that an upcoming section or region of the cavityof the patient includes a bend. The identifying, via the image capturingassembly, of the direction of the cavity of the patient may be performedvia the controller, such as the first controller described above and inthe present disclosure.

The method 500 may further comprise advancing the head assembly alongthe identified direction of the cavity of the patient (e.g., action508). For example, the head assembly may continue to move forward in astraight or relatively straight region of the cavity of the patient. Thehead assembly may be advanced via the controller, such as the firstcontroller described above and in the present disclosure.

The method 500 may further comprise, when a bend section (such as aflexural and/or looping/bending section of a colon) in the cavity of thepatient is identified, actuating, at the bend section in the cavity ofthe patient, the direction of a second end portion of the head assemblybased on the identified direction of the bend section in the cavity ofthe patient (e.g., action 510). For example, as illustrated in FIG. 3D,when a bend in the cavity of the patient is identified (e.g., action506), the second end portion (i.e., tip) of the head assembly may beactuated to move forward (and/or extend outwardly) and also bend basedon the identified direction of the bend section in the cavity of thepatient. The actuating the direction of the second end portion of thehead assembly may be performed via the controller, such as the firstcontroller described above and in the present disclosure.

The method 500 may further comprise, when a bend section in the cavity,such as a colonic lumen, of the patient is identified, advancing thehead assembly through the bend section (e.g., action 512). The headassembly may be advanced through the bend section via the controller,such as the first controller described above and in the presentdisclosure.

The method 500 may further comprise, when a bend section in the cavityof the patient is identified, actuating, after advancing through thebend section, the direction of the second end portion of the headassembly based on a direction of the cavity of the patient identifiedafter the bend section (e.g., action 514). For example, as illustratedin FIG. 3E, after passing through the bend section of the cavity of thepatient, the second end portion of the head assembly may be straightened(or adjusted) based on the direction of the cavity after the bendsection (which can be identified based on another image captured by theimage capturing assembly). The actuating the direction of the second endportion of the head assembly may be performed via the controller, suchas the first controller described above and in the present disclosure.

The method 500 may further comprise, prior to the actuating, at the bendsection, of the direction of the second end portion of the headassembly, securing the second main body to an interior wall forming thecavity of the patient by expanding the third expandable member tocontact the interior wall forming the cavity of the patient, andexpanding the fourth expandable member to contact the interior wallforming the cavity of the patient (e.g., action 516). For example, asillustrated in FIG. 3D, the second main body may be secured to theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient by expanding the secondanchor assembly to secure or anchor to the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient. The securing of the second main body may also beprovided using the second suction opening (i.e., applying a negativepressure) and/or the surface pattern, roughness, and/or protrusion (ifprovided) of the surface of the third and fourth expansion members ofthe second anchor assembly. The securing the second main body to theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient via expanding the thirdexpandable member and fourth expandable member may be performed via thecontroller, such as the second controller described above and in thepresent disclosure.

The method 500 may further comprise securing the first main body to aninterior wall forming the cavity of the patient by expanding the firstexpandable member to contact the interior wall forming the cavity of thepatient and expanding the second expandable member to contact theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient (e.g., action 518). Forexample, as illustrated in FIG. 3D, the main body may be secured to theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient by expanding the anchorassembly to secure or anchor to the interior wall forming the cavity ofthe patient. The securing of the main body may also be provided usingthe suction opening (i.e., applying a negative pressure) and/or thesurface pattern, roughness, and/or protrusion (if provided) of thesurface of the first and second expansion members of the anchorassembly. After the head assembly is advanced through the bend section,the first main body may be unsecured or unanchored from the interiorwall forming the cavity of the patient. This may be achieved byun-expanding (or contracting) the first and second expandable members ofthe first anchor assembly, and may also include not applying a negativepressure by the suction opening. Thereafter, the first main body mayalso be advanced through the bend section by actuating the direction ofthe first main body based on the direction of the bend in the cavity ofthe patient. The securing the first main body to the interior wallforming the cavity of the patient via expanding the first expandablemember and second expandable member may be performed via the controller,such as the first controller described above and in the presentdisclosure.

The method 500 may further comprise advancing the second main bodythrough the bend section towards the head assembly, the advancing of thesecond main body operable to reduce the bending of the bend section inthe cavity of the patient (e.g., action 520). Before doing so, asillustrated in FIG. 3F, the main body may be secured to the interiorwall (after the bend) forming the cavity of the patient by expanding theanchor assembly to secure or anchor to the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient. The securing of the main body may also beprovided using the suction opening (i.e., applying a negative pressure)and/or the surface pattern, roughness, and/or protrusion (if provided)of the surface of the first and second expansion members of the anchorassembly. Thereafter, the second main body may be unsecured orunanchored from the interior wall forming the cavity of the patient.This may be achieved by un-expanding (or contracting) the third andfourth expandable members of the second anchor assembly, and may alsoinclude not applying a negative pressure by the second suction opening.Once completed, the second main body may also be advanced through thebend section by actuating the direction of the second main body based onthe direction of the bend in the cavity of the patient, as illustratedin FIG. 3F. The advancing of the second main body may be performed viathe controller, such as the second controller described above and in thepresent disclosure. The securing and unsecuring of the main body to theinterior wall may be performed via the controller, such as the firstcontroller described above and in the present disclosure.

In example embodiments, the identified bend section in the cavity of thepatient may be straightened (or made less looping/bending) by actuatingthe direction of the second main body, as illustrated in FIG. 3G. It isrecognized in the present disclosure that such straightening of a bendsection in the cavity of the patient may enable easier, quicker, and/ormore efficient advancing of the endoscopic system into the remainingsections of the cavity of the patient. Furthermore, it is recognized inthe present disclosure that such straightening of the bend section inthe cavity, such as the colonic lumen, of the patient also enableseasier, quicker, and/or more efficient removal, extraction, and/orretracting of the endoscopic system from the cavity of the patient aftercompleting the diagnostic and/or therapeutic/surgical procedure. Theactuating of the direction of the second main body to straighten theidentified bend section in the cavity of the patient may be performedvia the controller, such as the second controller described above and inthe present disclosure.

The method 500 may further comprise identifying, via the image capturedby the image capturing assembly, a location in the cavity of the patientfor the instrument to perform the procedure (e.g., action 522). Theidentifying, via the image capturing assembly, of the location in thecavity of the patient for the instrument to perform the procedure may beperformed via the controller, such as the first controller describedabove and in the present disclosure.

The method 500 may further comprise securing the first main body to aninterior wall forming the cavity of the patient by expanding the firstexpandable member to contact the interior wall forming the cavity of thepatient and expanding the second expandable member to contact theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient (e.g., action 524), asillustrated in FIG. 2C. In this regard, the third expandable memberand/or the fourth expandable member may also be expanded to contact theinterior wall forming the cavity of the patient. The securing of thefirst main body to the interior wall forming the cavity of the patientvia expanding the first expandable member may be performed via thecontroller, such as the first controller described above and in thepresent disclosure.

The method 500 may further comprise actuating the instrument to performthe procedure based on the image captured by the image capturingassembly (e.g., action 526), as illustrated in FIG. 2C. The actuating ofthe instrument may be performed via the controller, such as the firstcontroller described above and in the present disclosure.

It is to be understood in the present disclosure that one or more of theaforementioned actions of method 500 may be performed manually, eitherin whole or in part, by an operator/surgeon and/or assisted by thecontroller 160 in example embodiments.

While various embodiments in accordance with the disclosed principleshave been described above, it should be understood that they have beenpresented by way of example only, and are not limiting. Thus, thebreadth and scope of the example embodiments described in the presentdisclosure should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplaryembodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the claimsand their equivalents issuing from this disclosure. Furthermore, theabove advantages and features are provided in described embodiments, butshall not limit the application of such issued claims to processes andstructures accomplishing any or all of the above advantages.

For example, “assembly,” “device,” “portion,” “segment,” “member,”“body,” or other similar terms should generally be construed broadly toinclude one part or more than one part attached or connected together.

Various terms used herein have special meanings within the presenttechnical field. Whether a particular term should be construed as such a“term of art” depends on the context in which that term is used.“Connected,” “connecting,” “attached,” “attaching,” “anchored,”“anchoring,” “in communication with,” “communicating with,” “associatedwith,” “associating with,” or other similar terms should generally beconstrued broadly to include situations where attachments, connections,and anchoring are direct between referenced elements or through one ormore intermediaries between the referenced elements. These and otherterms are to be construed in light of the context in which they are usedin the present disclosure and as one of ordinary skill in the art wouldunderstand those terms in the disclosed context. The above definitionsare not exclusive of other meanings that might be imparted to thoseterms based on the disclosed context.

As referred to in the present disclosure, a computing device, aprocessor, and/or a system may be a virtual machine, computer, node,instance, host, and/or device in a networked or non-networked computingenvironment. A networked computing environment may be a collection ofdevices connected by communication channels that facilitatecommunications between devices and allow devices to share resources.Also as referred to in the present disclosure, a computing device may bea device deployed to execute a program operating as a socket listenerand may include software instances.

Resources may encompass any type of resource for running instancesincluding hardware (such as servers, clients, mainframe computers,networks, network storage, data sources, memory, central processing unittime, scientific instruments, and other computing devices), as well assoftware, software licenses, available network services, and othernon-hardware resources, or a combination thereof.

A networked computing environment may include, but is not limited to,computing grid systems, distributed computing environments, cloudcomputing environment, etc. Such networked computing environmentsinclude hardware and software infrastructures configured to form avirtual organization comprised of multiple resources that may be ingeographically disperse locations.

Furthermore, the coverage of the present application and any patentsissuing from the present application may extend to one or morecommunications protocols, including TCP/IP.

Words of comparison, measurement, and timing such as “at the time,”“equivalent,” “during,” “complete,” and the like should be understood tomean “substantially at the time,” “substantially equivalent,”“substantially during,” “substantially complete,” etc., where“substantially” means that such comparisons, measurements, and timingsare practicable to accomplish the implicitly or expressly stated desiredresult.

Additionally, the section headings herein are provided for consistencywith the suggestions under 37 C.F.R. 1.77 or otherwise to provideorganizational cues. These headings shall not limit or characterize theinvention(s) set out in any claims that may issue from this disclosure.Specifically, a description of a technology in the “Background” is notto be construed as an admission that technology is prior art to anyinvention(s) in this disclosure. Furthermore, any reference in thisdisclosure to “invention” in the singular should not be used to arguethat there is only a single point of novelty in this disclosure.Multiple inventions may be set forth according to the limitations of themultiple claims issuing from this disclosure, and such claimsaccordingly define the invention(s), and their equivalents, that areprotected thereby. In all instances, the scope of such claims shall beconsidered on their own merits in light of this disclosure, but shouldnot be constrained by the headings herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. An endoscopic system comprising: a first mainbody, the first main body having a first end section and a second endsection, the first end section of the first main body including: a firstanchor assembly, the first anchor assembly including: a first expandablemember, the first expandable member configured to transition between anon-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration, wherein theexpanded configuration of the first expandable member is a configurationin which the first expandable member is expanded radially outwards awayfrom a central axis of the first expandable member; a second expandablemember, the second expandable member configured to transition between anon-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration, wherein theexpanded configuration of the second expandable member is aconfiguration in which the second expandable member is expanded radiallyoutwards away from a central axis of the second expandable member, thesecond expandable member being a separate and independently controllableexpandable member from the first expandable member; and a first negativepressure opening formed between the first expandable member and thesecond expandable member, the first negative pressure opening configuredto apply a negative pressure; and a first proximal portion, the firstproximal portion being an elongated body secured to a proximal end ofthe first anchor assembly, the first proximal portion configured toretract inwardly into and extend outwardly away from a main cavity of asecond main body, the first proximal portion including a bendableportion configured to bend in a plurality of directions, the firstproximal portion configured to selectively move the first anchorassembly in a plurality of directions relative to the bendable portionof the first proximal portion by bending the bendable portion of thefirst proximal portion in a plurality of directions; and the second mainbody, the second main body having a first end section, a second endsection, and the main cavity, the main cavity of the second main bodyformed through the second main body from the first end section of thesecond main body to the second end section of the second main body, thefirst end section of the second main body including: a second anchorassembly, the second anchor assembly having: a third expandable member,the third expandable member configured to transition between anon-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration, wherein theexpanded configuration of the third expandable member is a configurationin which the third expandable member is expanded radially outwards awayfrom a central axis of the third expandable member; a fourth expandablemember, the fourth expandable member configured to transition between anon-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration, wherein theexpanded configuration of the fourth expandable member is aconfiguration in which the fourth expandable member is expanded radiallyoutwards away from a central axis of the fourth expandable member; and asecond negative pressure opening formed between the third expandablemember and the fourth expandable member, the second negative pressureopening configured to apply a negative pressure.
 2. The endoscopicsystem of claim 1, wherein at least one of the following apply: thebendable portion of the first proximal portion that bends in theplurality of directions is a distal portion of the first proximalportion that is adjacent to the first expandable member; the second endsection of the first main body is connected to a controller, thecontroller configured to control one or more elements andfunctionalities of the endoscopic system; and the second end section ofthe second main body is connected to the controller, the controllerconfigured to control one or more elements and functionalities of theendoscopic system.
 3. The endoscopic system of claim 1, wherein thefirst anchor assembly includes a bendable portion configured to bend ina plurality of directions; and wherein the first anchor assembly isconfigured to selectively move the second expandable member in aplurality of directions relative to the first expandable member bybending the bendable portion of the first anchor assembly in a pluralityof directions.
 4. The endoscopic system of claim 3, wherein the bendableportion of the first anchor assembly that bends in the plurality ofdirections is a first central portion of the first anchor assembly, thefirst central portion of the first anchor assembly being a portion ofthe first anchor assembly formed between the first expandable member andthe second expandable member.
 5. The endoscopic system of claim 3,wherein the first main body includes a plurality of first movementcontrol cavities formed through the first main body from the first endsection of the first main body to the second end section of the firstmain body; and wherein at least one of the following apply: the bendingof the bendable portion of the first anchor assembly in the plurality ofdirections is achieved by selectively controlling one or more of theplurality of first movement control cavities; the bending of thebendable portion of the first proximal portion in the plurality ofdirections is achieved by selectively controlling one or more of theplurality of first movement control cavities.
 6. The endoscopic systemof claim 1, wherein the first end section of the second main bodyincludes a second proximal portion, the second proximal portion being anelongated body secured to a proximal end of the second anchor assembly;wherein the second proximal portion includes a bendable portionconfigured to bend in a plurality of directions; wherein the secondproximal portion is configured to selectively move the second anchorassembly in a plurality of directions relative to the bendable portionof the second proximal portion by bending the bendable portion of thesecond proximal portion in a plurality of directions.
 7. The endoscopicsystem of claim 6, wherein the second anchor assembly includes abendable portion configured to bend in a plurality of directions; andwherein the second anchor assembly is configured to selectively move thefourth expandable member in a plurality of directions relative to thethird expandable member by bending the bendable portion of the secondanchor assembly in a plurality of directions.
 8. The endoscopic systemof claim 7, wherein the bendable portion of the second anchor assemblythat bends in the plurality of directions is a second central portion ofthe second anchor assembly, the second central portion of the secondanchor assembly being a portion of the second anchor assembly formedbetween the third expandable member and the fourth expandable member. 9.The endoscopic system of claim 7, wherein the second main body includesa plurality of second movement control cavities formed through thesecond main body from the first end section of the second main body tothe second end section of the second main body; and wherein at least oneof the following apply: the bending of the bendable portion of thesecond anchor assembly in the plurality of directions is achieved byselectively controlling one or more of the plurality of second movementcontrol cavities; the bending of the bendable portion of the secondproximal portion in the plurality of directions is achieved byselectively controlling one or more of the plurality of second movementcontrol cavities.
 10. The endoscopic system of claim 1, furthercomprising a pressure control subsystem configurable to provide anegative pressure; wherein at least one of the following apply: thefirst anchor assembly is configured to anchor the first main body withrespect to an interior wall forming a cavity of a patient by: expandingthe first expandable member to contact the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient; expanding the second expandable member to contactthe interior wall forming the cavity of the patient; and applying, bythe pressure control subsystem via the first negative pressure opening,the negative pressure to a region between the first expandable member,the second expandable member, the interior wall forming the cavity ofthe patient, and a portion of the first main body between the firstexpandable member and the second expandable member; and the secondanchor assembly is configured to secure the second main body withrespect to an interior wall forming a cavity of a patient by: expandingthe third expandable member to contact the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient; expanding the fourth expandable member to contactthe interior wall forming the cavity of the patient; and applying, bythe pressure control subsystem via the second negative pressure opening,the negative pressure to a region between the third expandable member,the fourth expandable member, the interior wall forming the cavity ofthe patient, and a portion of the second main body between the thirdexpandable member and the fourth expandable member.
 11. The endoscopicsystem of claim 1, further comprising a controller, the controllerconfigured to perform at least one of the following: control thebendable portion of the first proximal portion to bend in one of aplurality of directions; control the transition of the first expandablemember between the non-expanded configuration and the expandedconfiguration; control the transition of the second expandable memberbetween the non-expanded configuration and the expanded configuration;control the transition of the third expandable member between thenon-expanded configuration and the expanded configuration; control thetransition of the fourth expandable member between the non-expandedconfiguration and the expanded configuration; control the negativepressure applied by the first negative pressure opening; and control thenegative pressure applied by the second negative pressure opening. 12.The endoscopic system of claim 10, wherein the anchoring of the firstmain body to the internal wall forming the cavity of the colon using thefirst expandable member, second expandable member, and first negativepressure opening provides a sufficient anchoring force to withstand aforce of at least about 20 N.
 13. The endoscopic system of claim 10,wherein the anchoring of the second main body to the internal wallforming the cavity of the colon using the third expandable member,fourth expandable member, and second negative pressure opening providesa sufficient anchoring force to withstand a force of at least about 20N.
 14. An endoscopic system comprising: a first main body, the firstmain body having a first end section and a second end section, the firstend section of the first main body including: a first anchor assembly,the first anchor assembly including: a first expandable member, thefirst expandable member configured to transition between a non-expandedconfiguration and an expanded configuration, wherein the expandedconfiguration of the first expandable member is a configuration in whichthe first expandable member is expanded radially outwards away from acentral axis of the first expandable member; a second expandable member,the second expandable member configured to transition between anon-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration, wherein theexpanded configuration of the second expandable member is aconfiguration in which the second expandable member is expanded radiallyoutwards away from a central axis of the second expandable member, thesecond expandable member being a separate and independently controllableexpandable member from the first expandable member; a first negativepressure opening formed between the first expandable member and thesecond expandable member, the first negative pressure opening configuredto apply a negative pressure; and a bendable portion configured to bendin a plurality of directions; wherein the first anchor assembly isconfigured to selectively move the second expandable member in aplurality of directions relative to the first expandable member bybending the bendable portion of the first anchor assembly in a pluralityof directions; and a second main body, the second main body having afirst end section, a second end section, and a main cavity, the maincavity of the second main body formed through the second main body fromthe first end section of the second main body to the second end sectionof the second main body, the first end section of the second main bodyincluding: a second anchor assembly, the second anchor assembly having:a third expandable member, the third expandable member configured totransition between a non-expanded configuration and an expandedconfiguration, wherein the expanded configuration of the thirdexpandable member is a configuration in which the third expandablemember is expanded radially outwards away from a central axis of thethird expandable member; a fourth expandable member, the fourthexpandable member configured to transition between a non-expandedconfiguration and an expanded configuration, wherein the expandedconfiguration of the fourth expandable member is a configuration inwhich the fourth expandable member is expanded radially outwards awayfrom a central axis of the fourth expandable member; and a secondnegative pressure opening formed between the third expandable member andthe fourth expandable member, the second negative pressure openingconfigured to apply a negative pressure.
 15. The endoscopic system ofclaim 14, wherein the first end section of the first main body furtherincludes a first proximal portion, the first proximal portion being anelongated body secured to a proximal end of the first anchor assembly,the first proximal portion configured to retract inwardly into andextend outwardly away from the main cavity of the second main body;wherein the first proximal portion includes a bendable portion, thebendable portion of the first proximal portion configured to bend in aplurality of directions; and wherein the first proximal portion isconfigured to selectively move the first anchor assembly in a pluralityof directions relative to the bendable portion of the first proximalportion by bending the bendable portion of the first proximal portion ina plurality of directions.
 16. The endoscopic system of claim 15,wherein the bendable portion of the first proximal portion that bends inthe plurality of directions is a distal portion of the first proximalportion that is adjacent to the first expandable member.
 17. Theendoscopic system of claim 14, wherein the bendable portion of the firstanchor assembly that bends in the plurality of directions is a firstcentral portion of the first anchor assembly, the first central portionof the first anchor assembly being a portion of the first anchorassembly formed between the first expandable member and the secondexpandable member.
 18. The endoscopic system of claim 15, wherein thefirst main body includes a plurality of first movement control cavitiesformed through the first main body from the first end section of thefirst main body to the second end section of the first main body; andwherein at least one of the following apply: the bending of the bendableportion of the first anchor assembly in the plurality of directions isachieved by selectively controlling one or more of the plurality offirst movement control cavities; the bending of the bendable portion ofthe first proximal portion in the plurality of directions is achieved byselectively controlling one or more of the plurality of first movementcontrol cavities.
 19. The endoscopic system of claim 14, wherein thefirst end section of the second main body includes a second proximalportion, the second proximal portion being an elongated body secured toa proximal end of the second anchor assembly; wherein the secondproximal portion includes a bendable portion configured to bend in aplurality of directions; wherein the second proximal portion isconfigured to selectively move the second anchor assembly in a pluralityof directions relative to the bendable portion of the second proximalportion by bending the bendable portion of the second proximal portionin a plurality of directions.
 20. The endoscopic system of claim 19,wherein the second anchor assembly is configured to selectively move thefourth expandable member in a plurality of directions relative to thethird expandable member by bending a bendable portion of the secondanchor assembly in a plurality of directions.
 21. The endoscopic systemof claim 20, wherein the bendable portion of the second anchor assemblythat bends in the plurality of directions is a second central portion ofthe second anchor assembly, the second central portion of the secondanchor assembly being a portion of the second anchor assembly formedbetween the third expandable member and the fourth expandable member.22. The endoscopic system of claim 20, wherein the second main bodyincludes a plurality of second movement control cavities formed throughthe second main body from the first end section of the second main bodyto the second end section of the second main body; and wherein at leastone of the following apply: the bending of the bendable portion of thesecond anchor assembly in the plurality of directions is achieved byselectively controlling one or more of the plurality of second movementcontrol cavities; the bending of the bendable portion of the secondproximal portion in the plurality of directions is achieved byselectively controlling one or more of the plurality of second movementcontrol cavities.
 23. The endoscopic system of claim 14, furthercomprising a pressure control subsystem configurable to provide anegative pressure; wherein at least one of the following apply: thefirst anchor assembly is configured to anchor the first main body withrespect to an interior wall forming a cavity of a patient by: expandingthe first expandable member to contact the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient; expanding the second expandable member to contactthe interior wall forming the cavity of the patient; and applying, bythe pressure control subsystem via the first negative pressure opening,the negative pressure to a region between the first expandable member,the second expandable member, the interior wall forming the cavity ofthe patient, and a portion of the first main body between the firstexpandable member and the second expandable member; and the secondanchor assembly is configured to secure the second main body withrespect to an interior wall forming a cavity of a patient by: expandingthe third expandable member to contact the interior wall forming thecavity of the patient; expanding the fourth expandable member to contactthe interior wall forming the cavity of the patient; and applying, bythe pressure control subsystem via the second negative pressure opening,the negative pressure to a region between the third expandable member,the fourth expandable member, the interior wall forming the cavity ofthe patient, and a portion of the second main body between the thirdexpandable member and the fourth expandable member.
 24. The endoscopicsystem of claim 14, further comprising a controller, the controllerconfigured to perform at least one of the following: control thebendable portion of the first anchor assembly to bend in one of aplurality of directions; control the transition of the first expandablemember between the non-expanded configuration and the expandedconfiguration; control the transition of the second expandable memberbetween the non-expanded configuration and the expanded configuration;control the transition of the third expandable member between thenon-expanded configuration and the expanded configuration; control thetransition of the fourth expandable member between the non-expandedconfiguration and the expanded configuration; control the negativepressure applied by the first negative pressure opening; and control thenegative pressure applied by the second negative pressure opening. 25.The endoscopic system of claim 23, wherein the anchoring of the firstmain body to the internal wall forming the cavity of the colon using thefirst expandable member, second expandable member, and first negativepressure opening provides a sufficient anchoring force to withstand aforce of at least about 20 N.
 26. The endoscopic system of claim 23,wherein the anchoring of the second main body to the internal wallforming the cavity of the colon using the third expandable member,fourth expandable member, and second negative pressure opening providesa sufficient anchoring force to withstand a force of at least about 20N.
 27. The endoscopic system of claim 14, wherein at least one of thefollowing apply: the second end section of the first main body isconnected to a controller; and the second end section of the second mainbody is connected to the controller.
 28. An endoscopic systemcomprising: a first main body, the first main body having a first endsection and a second end section, the first end section of the firstmain body including: a first anchor assembly, the first anchor assemblyincluding: a first expandable member, the first expandable memberconfigured to transition between a non-expanded configuration and anexpanded configuration, wherein the expanded configuration of the firstexpandable member is a configuration in which the first expandablemember is expanded radially outwards away from a central axis of thefirst expandable member; a second expandable member, the secondexpandable member configured to transition between a non-expandedconfiguration and an expanded configuration, wherein the expandedconfiguration of the second expandable member is a configuration inwhich the second expandable member is expanded radially outwards awayfrom a central axis of the second expandable member, the secondexpandable member being a separate and independently controllableexpandable member from the first expandable member; a first negativepressure opening formed between the first expandable member and thesecond expandable member, the first negative pressure opening configuredto apply a negative pressure; and a first anchor assembly bendableportion, the first anchor assembly bendable portion configured to bendin a plurality of directions, wherein the first anchor assembly isconfigured to selectively move the second expandable member in aplurality of directions relative to the first expandable member bybending the first anchor assembly bendable portion in a plurality ofdirections; and a first proximal portion, the first proximal portionbeing an elongated body secured to a proximal end of the first anchorassembly, the first proximal portion configured to retract inwardly intoand extend outwardly away from a main cavity of a second main body, thefirst proximal portion including: a first proximal portion bendableportion configured to bend in a plurality of directions, wherein thefirst proximal portion is configured to selectively move the firstanchor assembly in a plurality of directions relative to the firstproximal portion bendable portion by bending the first proximal portionbendable portion in a plurality of directions; and the second main body,the second main body having a first end section, a second end section,and the main cavity, the main cavity of the second main body formedthrough the second main body from the first end section of the secondmain body to the second end section of the second main body, the firstend section of the second main body including: a second anchor assembly,the second anchor assembly having: a third expandable member, the thirdexpandable member configured to transition between a non-expandedconfiguration and an expanded configuration, wherein the expandedconfiguration of the third expandable member is a configuration in whichthe third expandable member is expanded radially outwards away from acentral axis of the third expandable member; a fourth expandable member,the fourth expandable member configured to transition between anon-expanded configuration and an expanded configuration, wherein theexpanded configuration of the fourth expandable member is aconfiguration in which the fourth expandable member is expanded radiallyoutwards away from a central axis of the fourth expandable member; and asecond negative pressure opening formed between the third expandablemember and the fourth expandable member, the second negative pressureopening configured to apply a negative pressure; and a second proximalportion, the second proximal portion being an elongated body secured toa proximal end of the second anchor assembly, the second proximalportion including: a second proximal portion bendable portion configuredto bend in a plurality of directions, wherein the second proximalportion is configured to selectively move the second anchor assembly ina plurality of directions relative to the second proximal portionbendable portion by bending the second proximal portion bendable portionin a plurality of directions.